python小记~列表推导式

1.一般的列表推导式

>>> oho = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> oho = [ i * 2 for i in oho]
>>> oho
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

从程序的执行效率来说，列表推导式的运行效率比普通的循坏要快一倍多，主要是因为列表推导式是以更快的C 语言的速度来运行的。

二维列表：>>> matrix = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]

>>> diag = [matrix[i][i] for i in range(len(matrix))]
>>> diag
[1, 5, 9]

matrix[i][i]下标索引值

2.进阶版的列表推导式，可以加上条件判断

 >>> words = ['great','billin','fantastic','brlliant']
>>> fwords  = [w for w in words if w[0] == 'f']
>>> fwords
['fantastic']

3.列表推导式，更为复杂的嵌套列表

[expression for target1 in iterable1

                     for target2 in iterable2

                     for targetN in iterableN]

matrix = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]
>>> flatten = [col for row in matrix for col in row]
>>> flatten
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

#下方是平常的for循环语句
>>> for raw in matrix:
                     for col in raw:
                                flatten.append(col)
>>> flatten
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

另外一种，for循环 + if 判断

[expression for target1 in iterable1 if condition1

                     for target2 in iterable2 if condition2

                      for targetN in iterable2 if conditionN]

>>> [[x,y] for x in range(10) if x%2 == 0 for y in range(10) if y%3 == 0]
[[0, 0], [0, 3], [0, 6], [0, 9], [2, 0], [2, 3], [2, 6], [2, 9], [4, 0], [4, 3], [4, 6], [4, 9], [6, 0], [6, 3], [6, 6], [6, 9], [8, 0], [8, 3], [8, 6], [8, 9]]

#下方是平常的for循环语句+if条件判断语句

>>> _=[] #空列表

>>> for x in range(10):
    if x % 2 == 0:
        for y in range(10):
            if y % 3==0:
                _.append([x,y])