1、拒绝策略
ThreadPoolExcetor 的最后一个参数指定了拒绝策略,JDK提供了四种拒绝策略:
AbortPolicy 策略、CallerRunsPolicy策略、 DiscardOledestPolicy策略、DiscardPolicy策略。
AbortPolicy策略:该策略会直接抛出异常,阻止系统正常工作。
CallerRunsPolicy 策略:只要线程池未关闭,该策略直接在调用者线程中,运行当前的被丢弃的任务。
DiscardOleddestPolicy策略: 该策略将丢弃最老的一个请求,也就是即将被执行的任务,并尝试再次提交当前任务。
DiscardPolicy策略:该策略默默的丢弃无法处理的任务,不予任何处理。
这种策略和上一种,实际上正好是相反的策略,一种是丢弃最新的任务,一个是丢弃最老的任务。
下面看一下源码的具体实现
public static class AbortPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
/**
* Creates an {@code AbortPolicy}.
*/
public AbortPolicy() { }
/**
* Always throws RejectedExecutionException.
*
* @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
* @throws RejectedExecutionException always.
*/
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
throw new RejectedExecutionException("Task " + r.toString() +
" rejected from " +
e.toString());
}
}
和上面的解释完全一样,就是抛出一个异常。
public static class CallerRunsPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
/**
* Creates a {@code CallerRunsPolicy}.
*/
public CallerRunsPolicy() { }
/**
* Executes task r in the caller's thread, unless the executor
* has been shut down, in which case the task is discarded.
*
* @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
*/
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
if (!e.isShutdown()) {
r.run();
}
}
}
public static class DiscardPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
/**
* Creates a {@code DiscardPolicy}.
*/
public DiscardPolicy() { }
/**
* Does nothing, which has the effect of discarding task r.
*
* @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
*/
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
}
}
public static class DiscardOldestPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
/**
* Creates a {@code DiscardOldestPolicy} for the given executor.
*/
public DiscardOldestPolicy() { }
/**
* Obtains and ignores the next task that the executor
* would otherwise execute, if one is immediately available,
* and then retries execution of task r, unless the executor
* is shut down, in which case task r is instead discarded.
*
* @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
*/
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
if (!e.isShutdown()) {
e.getQueue().poll();
e.execute(r);
}
}
}
2、自定义线程创建 ThreadFactory
线程池中创建的线程就是通过ThreadFactory来实现的。
Thread newThread(Runnable r);
下面是一个线程池中自定义创建线程的示例
ExecutorService es = new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 5, 0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(), new ThreadFactory() {
public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
Thread t = new Thread(r);
t.setDaemon(true);
System.out.println("create" + t);
return null;
}
});
自定义创建线程,以及自定义拒绝策略
ExecutorService es2 = new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 5, 0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(), new ThreadFactory() {
public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
Thread t = new Thread(r);
t.setDaemon(true);
System.out.println("create" + t);
return null;
}
}, new RejectedExecutionHandler() {
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
System.out.println(r.toString()+" is discard");
}
});