Python—爬取小说范例

这里使用bs4的beautifulSoup，请求链接的使用使用try 以防止网络不稳定

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
from urllib import request
from time import sleep
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as btf
import os
header={
  "User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0",
  "Referer":"http://www.xxbiquge.com/3_3042"
}
def get_content(pagepath,filename):                                  #通过url获取页面内容并写入到文件的函数
  filename=filename+".txt"                                           #组成文件名
  url="http://www.xxbiquge.com/3_3042/"+pagepath                     #组成url
  print("%s starts" %filename,url)
  req=request.Request(url,data=None,headers=header)
  fail=True
  while(fail):
    try:
      res=request.urlopen(req).read()
      res=res.decode('utf-8').replace('<br />','\n')                 #换行符转换
      soup=btf(res,'lxml')
    except Exception as e:
      print(e)
      sleep(1)
    else:
      fail=False
  elements=soup.find_all('div',attrs={'id':'content'})               #匹配id='content'的内容
  for i in elements:          
    with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
      f.write(i.text)                                             #先把内容加码成utf8再写入文件
      sleep(1)

if __name__=="__main__":
  dirname = '民国投机者'
  path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), dirname)  #本地路径拼接
  if not os.path.exists(path):               #文件夹是否存在，不存在就新建一个
    os.mkdir(dirname)
  os.chdir(path)                                  #进入图片保存路径

  url="http://www.xxbiquge.com/3_3042/"                                 #入口页面
  req=request.Request(url,data=None,headers=header)
  fail=True
  while(fail):
    try:
      ope=request.urlopen(req)
      soup=btf(ope.read(),'lxml')
    except Exception as e:
      print(e)
      sleep(1)
    else:
      fail=False

  elements=soup.find_all("dd")                                       
  count=1
  for i in elements:
    pagepath=os.path.basename(i.a["href"])
    get_content(pagepath,str(count)+'_'+i.a.text.split(' ')[1])         #url, filename
    count+=1

效果如下