组队学习sql之综合练习3

基础及前5题的综合练习见：组队学习sql之基础+综合练习1
6~8题见：组队学习sql之综合练习2

MySQL Leetcode练习

Task06综合练习一共11题，本篇实现9~11。
将项目7中的employee表清空，重新插入以下数据（其实是多插入5,6两行）：

185. 部门工资前三高的所有员工

题目

+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name  | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1  | Joe   | 70000  | 1            |
| 2  | Henry | 80000  | 2            |
| 3  | Sam   | 60000  | 2            |
| 4  | Max   | 90000  | 1            |
| 5  | Janet | 69000  | 1            |
| 6  | Randy | 85000  | 1            |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+

编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门工资前三高的员工。例如，根据上述给定的表格，查询结果应返回：

+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT         | Max      | 90000  |
| IT         | Randy    | 85000  |
| IT         | Joe      | 70000  |
| Sales      | Henry    | 80000  |
| Sales      | Sam      | 60000  |
+------------+----------+--------+

此外，请考虑实现各部门前N高工资的员工功能。

解答

• 思路1

SELECT t.Name Department,t11.Name Employee,t11.Salary
FROM Employee t11 JOIN Department t ON t11.DepartmentId = t.Id 
WHERE 3>(SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT t1.Salary) FROM Employee t1 WHERE t1.Salary>t11.Salary AND t1.DepartmentId =t11.DepartmentId )
ORDER BY t.Name ASC,t11.Salary DESC

• 思路2 利用排序窗口函数

SELECT t2.Name AS Department, t1.Name AS 'employee',Salary
FROM (
SELECT *, DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTition by DepartmentId ORDER BY Salary DESC) AS "rank"
FROM Employee ) t1 INNER JOIN Department t2
ON t1.DepartmentId = t2.Id
WHERE t1.rank < 4;

612 平面上的最近距离

题目

point_2d表包含一个平面内一些点（超过两个）的坐标值（x，y）。

写一条查询语句求出这些点中的最短距离并保留2位小数。

|x   | y  |
|----|----|
| -1 | -1 |
|  0 |  0 |
| -1 | -2 |

最短距离是1，从点（-1，-1）到点（-1，2）。所以输出结果为：

| shortest |

1.00

+--------+
|shortest|
+--------+
|1.00    |
+--------+

**注意：**所有点的最大距离小于10000。

解答

思路：两个表不等值联结后计算点间距离，然后求极值

select round(sqrt(min(power((p1.x-p2.x),2)+power((p1.y-p2.y),2))),2) as shortest
from point_2d p1,point_2d p2
where p1.x<>p2.x  or p1.y<>p2.y;

262. 行程和用户

题目

Trips 表中存所有出租车的行程信息。每段行程有唯一键 Id，Client_Id 和 Driver_Id 是 Users 表中 Users_Id 的外键。Status 是枚举类型，枚举成员为 (‘completed’, ‘cancelled_by_driver’, ‘cancelled_by_client’)。

Id	Client_Id	Driver_Id	City_Id	Status	Request_at
1	1	10	1	completed	2013-10-1
2	2	11	1	cancelled_by_driver	2013-10-1
3	3	12	6	completed	2013-10-1
4	4	13	6	cancelled_by_client	2013-10-1
5	1	10	1	completed	2013-10-2
6	2	11	6	completed	2013-10-2
7	3	12	6	completed	2013-10-2
8	2	12	12	completed	2013-10-3
9	3	10	12	completed	2013-10-3
10	4	13	12	cancelled_by_driver	2013-10-3

Users 表存所有用户。每个用户有唯一键 Users_Id。Banned 表示这个用户是否被禁止，Role 则是一个表示（‘client’, ‘driver’, ‘partner’）的枚举类型。

+----------+--------+--------+
| Users_Id | Banned |  Role  |
+----------+--------+--------+
|    1     |   No   | client |
|    2     |   Yes  | client |
|    3     |   No   | client |
|    4     |   No   | client |
|    10    |   No   | driver |
|    11    |   No   | driver |
|    12    |   No   | driver |
|    13    |   No   | driver |
+----------+--------+--------+

写一段 SQL 语句查出2013年10月1日至2013年10月3日期间非禁止用户的取消率。基于上表，你的 SQL 语句应返回如下结果，取消率（Cancellation Rate）保留两位小数。

+------------+-------------------+
|     Day    | Cancellation Rate |
+------------+-------------------+
| 2013-10-01 |       0.33        |
| 2013-10-02 |       0.00        |
| 2013-10-03 |       0.50        |
+------------+-------------------+

解答

• 思路1 不知道为什么就对了，碰巧

SELECT t.Request_at AS 'Day',ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN t.Status IN ('cancelled_by_driver','cancelled_by_client') THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) / COUNT(1),2) AS 'Cancellation Rate'
FROM (
SELECT *
FROM Trips P LEFT JOIN Users Q
ON P.Client_Id = Q.Users_Id
WHERE Q.Banned != 'Yes' AND P.Request_at BETWEEN '2013-10-01' AND '2013-10-03') t 
GROUP BY Request_at

• 思路2 首先排除所有由禁止用户的driver,client组合，然后计算取消率

SELECT t.Request_at AS 'Day',ROUND(SUM(CASE WHEN t.Status IN ('cancelled_by_driver','cancelled_by_client') THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) / COUNT(1),2) AS 'Cancellation Rate'
FROM (SELECT * FROM Trips WHERE (Client_Id,Driver_Id) NOT IN 
(SELECT p1.Users_Id,p2.Users_Id FROM Users p1,Users p2 WHERE p1.Banned='Yes' OR p2.Banned ='Yes') AND Request_at BETWEEN '2013-10-01' AND '2013-10-03') t 
GROUP BY Request_at

THE END.
team-learning-sql website:
https://github.com/datawhalechina/team-learning-sql