JDK8新特性stream流

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已于 2024-03-29 14:24:32 修改

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分类专栏： jdk8新特性文章标签： java 开发语言

于 2022-08-19 19:09:51 首次发布

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一、stream流

1、概念

在这里插入图片描述

1.1 基本概念

Stream将要处理的集合或者数组看作一种流，在流中，通过Stream API对流中的元素进行操作，简化了代码。比如：过滤、筛选、排序、聚合、循环、分页、去重等。

1.2 顺序流和并行流

1.stream顺序流：由主线程按顺序,从上到下从左到右对流执行操作
2.parallelStream并行流：异步处理机制，内部以多线程并行执行的方式对流进行操作，提高了执行效率。适用于对业务或者流程操作没有指定顺序要求。返回结果是无序的。
parallelStream并行流并不是线程安全的，并发时存在数据丢失的情况，在往普通的collection中add数据时会出现抢占资源的线程问题，导致数据随机丢失。
多线程并发问题(可能导致数据丢失或者索引越界异常)

1.3 Stream特性

1.stream不存储数据而是按照特定的规则对数据进行计算一般会输出结果。
2.stream不会改变数据源，通常情况下会产生一个新的集合或一个值。
3.stream具有延迟执行特性，只有调用终端操作时，中间操作才会执行。

2、流对象创建

2.1 stream 顺序流

1.所有的 Collection 集合都可以通过 stream() 方法来获取流对象； Map集合没有继承 Collection 接口,所以无法通过 stream()方法获取流对象
2.使用 Stream 接口的 of() 静态方法获取流对象。

基本类型数组会把整个数组看作一个元素来操作 Stream<int[]> ints1 = Stream.of(ints);

    /**
     * Stream 顺序流对象获取
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //方式1：根据Collection获取流对象
        //List获取流
        List<Integer> integers = Arrays.asList(1, 23, 45, 66,null);
        Stream<Integer> listStream = integers.stream();

        //2.Set获取流
        Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>();
        Stream<Integer> setStream = set.stream();

        //3.Map获取流
        //Map 没有继承 Collection 接口,所有无法通过该 stream()方法获取流对象
        Map<Object, Object> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
        Stream<Map.Entry<Object, Object>> stream = hashMap.entrySet().stream();
        Stream<Object> objectStream = hashMap.keySet().stream();
        Stream<Object> stream1 = hashMap.values().stream();

        //方式2：Stream中的静态方法of获取流对象
        //1.字符串获取流对象
        Stream<Integer> integerStream = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 555);

        //2.数组类型
        //基本类型会把整个数据看作一个元素来操作
        int[] ints = {1,2,344,5};
        Stream<int[]> ints1 = Stream.of(ints);
        ints1.forEach(o -> {
            for (int i : o) {
                System.out.println(i);//1 2 344 5
            }
        });
        
        //使用java.util.Arrays.stream(T[] array)方法用数组创建流
        int[] array = {1,2,5,6,7};
        IntStream stream3 = Arrays.stream(array);

		//包装类数组
        Integer[] integeres = {1,2,344,5};
        Stream<Integer> stream2 = Stream.of(integeres);
        stream2.forEach(o -> System.out.println(o));//1 2 344 5
    }

}

2.2 parallelStream 并行流

    /**
     * parallelStream并行流对象获取
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        List<Integer> integers = Arrays.asList(1, 23, 45, 66,null);
        Stream<Integer> integerStream = integers.parallelStream();

        //把顺序流转为并发流
        int[] ints = {1,23,45,67};
        IntStream parallel = Arrays.stream(ints).parallel();

    }

2.3 顺序流转换成并行流

    /**
     * 顺序流转为并发流
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //顺序流转为并发流
        List<Integer> integers = Arrays.asList(1, 23, 45, 66,null);
        Stream<Integer> parallel = integers.stream().parallel();
        
    }

3、使用

3.1 匹配 - allMatch / anyMatch

3.1.1 allMatch

对流中所有元素按指定条件匹配，全部满足返回true，否则返回false
注：
若比较的元素或者属性有null值会报空指针异常，需要做空值过滤
包装类集合： filter(Objects::nonNull)
对象集合： filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()))

    /**
     * 包装类集合
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

 		List<Integer> integers = Arrays.asList(1, 23, 45, 66, null);
        boolean b = integers
                .stream()
                .filter(Objects::nonNull)
                .allMatch(o -> o > 0);
        boolean c = integers
                .stream()
                .filter(Objects::nonNull)
                .allMatch(o -> o > 10);
        System.out.println(b);//true
        System.out.println(c);//false
    }

    /**
     * 对象集合
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
        List<CityRequest> cityRequestList = new ArrayList<>();

        cityRequestList.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).build());
        cityRequestList.add(CityRequest.builder().id(2).build());
        cityRequestList.add(CityRequest.builder().id(100).build());

        //判断id是否都大于等于2
        boolean result = cityRequestList.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()))
                .allMatch(o -> o.getId().compareTo(2) >= 0);
        System.out.println(result);//true

    }

3.1.2 anyMatch

对流中所有元素按指定条件匹配，至少有一个满足返回true，都不满足返回false
注：
若比较的元素或者属性有null值会报空指针异常，需要做空值过滤
包装类集合： filter(Objects::nonNull)
对象集合： filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()))

  /**
     * 对象集合
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).build());

        List<CityRequest> cityRequests = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        boolean b = cityRequests.stream()
                .anyMatch(o -> o.getId().equals(4));
        boolean c = cityRequests.stream()
                .anyMatch(o -> o.getId().equals(234));
        System.out.println(b);//false
        System.out.println(c);//true
    }

3.2 循环/查找 - forEach / findFirst / findAny

   /**
     * 对象集合
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

           //获取第一个元素
        CityRequest cityRequest = null;
        Optional<CityRequest> first = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> o.getParentId().equals(1))
                .findFirst();
        System.out.println(first.orElse(null));
        //CityRequest(id=null, parentId=1, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)

        //返回的是过滤后的符合条件的第一个
        Optional<CityRequest> request = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> o.getParentId().equals(1))
                .findAny();
        System.out.println(request.orElse(null));
        //CityRequest(id=null, parentId=1, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)
        
        //随机返回，不一定会返回哪一个
        Optional<CityRequest> any = list.parallelStream().findAny();
        System.out.println(any.orElse(null));
        //CityRequest(id=234, parentId=3, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)
        
        //给集合的每一个元素的isChoice赋值
        list.stream().forEach(o ->{
            o.setIsChoice("1");
        });
        
    }

3.3 过滤 - filter

3.3.1 筛选城市名称为西安的数据集合

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        System.out.println(list.stream()
                .filter(o -> "西安".equals(o.getCityName()))
                .collect(Collectors.toList())
        );
        //[CityRequest(id=234, parentId=1, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

    }

3.3.2 筛选parentId大于1的数据集合

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        List<CityRequest> collect = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> o.getParentId() > 1)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(collect);
        //[CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=3, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

    }

3.4 聚合 - max / min / count

3.4.1 max - 最大值

查询parentId最大的元素

若有重复的，顺序（从上到下）取第一个

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(3).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        Optional<CityRequest> cityRequest = list.stream()
        .max(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getParentId));

        System.out.println(cityRequest.orElse(null));
        //CityRequest(id=9, parentId=3, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)

    }

3.4.2 min - 最小值

查询parentId最小的元素

若有重复的，顺序（从上到下）取第一个

  public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        Optional<CityRequest> cityRequest = list.stream()
        .min(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getParentId));

        System.out.println(cityRequest.orElse(null));
        //CityRequest(id=null, parentId=1, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)

    }

3.4.3 count - 总记录数

查询parentId等于3的有多少个

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(3).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

       long count = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> o.getParentId().equals(3))
                .count();
        System.out.println(count);//2

    }

3.5 映射 - map / flatMap

3.5.1 map

接收一个函数作为参数，该函数会被应用到每个元素上，并将其映射成一个新的元素。即对参数的每一个元素进行处理后生成新的元素

3.5.1.1 获取所有parentId为3的所有的城市名称集合

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(3).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        List<String> cityNames = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> o.getParentId().equals(3))
                .map(CityRequest::getCityName)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(cityNames);//[成都, 北京]

    }

3.5.1.2 给所有parentId为3的元素parentId + 1

会改变源集合的值

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(3).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        //会改变源集合的值
        List<CityRequest> collect = list.stream()
        	.filter(o -> o.getParentId().equals(3))
       		 .map(o -> {
          		  o.setParentId(new BigDecimal(o.getParentId()).add(new BigDecimal("1")).intValue());
            	  return o;
        }).collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(list);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=1, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=4, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=1, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

        System.out.println(collect);
        //[CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=4, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
    }

不会改变源集合的值

   public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(3).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        //不会改变源集合的值
        List<CityRequest> collect = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> o.getParentId().equals(3))
                .map(o -> {
                    CityRequest request = CityRequest.builder().build();
                    BeanUtils.copyProperties(o,request);
                    request.setParentId(new BigDecimal(o.getParentId())
                            .add(new BigDecimal("1")).intValue());
                    return request;
                }).collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(list);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=1, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=3, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=3, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=1, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

        System.out.println(collect);
        //[CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=4, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

    }

3.5.1.2 调用本类中的方法

调用本类中的方法，方法参数为集合中遍历的每个元素,自定义流返回的数据：
list.stream().map(CityController::getCityRequestList).collect(Collectors.toList());

   public static CityRequest getCityRequestList(CityRequest request){
        if(ObjectUtil.isNotNull(request.getId()) && request.getId().equals(1)){
                    request.setIsChoice("666");
        }
        return request;
    }

    public static List<CityRequest> getObj(){
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(900).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        return list.stream()
                .map(CityController::getCityRequestList)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> obj = getObj();
        System.out.println(obj);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=666),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=900, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
    }

3.5.1.2 map转list

private List<ServiceOrderDetailResponse.ServiceGoods> handleProductList(JSONArray jsonArray) {
        return jsonArray.stream()
                .map(JSONObject.class::cast)
                .map(o -> {
                    ServiceOrderDetailResponse.ServiceGoods serviceGood = new ServiceOrderDetailResponse.ServiceGoods();
                    serviceGood.setProductId(o.getLong("spuId"));
                    serviceGood.setCatOne(o.getLong("cat1"));
                    serviceGood.setDesc(o.getString("description"));
                    serviceGood.setPackageId(o.getLong("spuId"));
                    serviceGood.setProductPrice(o.getBigDecimal("productPrice"));
                    return serviceGood;
                })
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

3.5.2 flatMap

接收一个函数作为参数，将流中的每个值都换成另一个流，然后把所有流连接成一个流。

将两个字符数组合并成一个新的字符数组

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> strings = Arrays.asList("1,2,3", "4,5,6");
        System.out.println(strings);//[1,2,3, 4,5,6]

        List<String> collect = strings.stream().flatMap(s -> {
            // 将每个元素转换成一个stream
            String[] split = s.split(",");
            return Arrays.stream(split);
        }).collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(collect);//[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
        
    }

3.6 归约 - reduce

通过计算将所有流转为一个结果值，对集合或者数组进行累加、乘积、最值操作

3.6.1 求所有数据的parentId总和

累加的数据有null值，会报空指针异常，
需要过滤null值：filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getParentId()))

   public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(null).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(3).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        //方式一
        Optional<Integer> reduce = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getParentId()))
                .map(CityRequest::getParentId)
                .reduce(Integer::sum);
        System.out.println(reduce.orElse(null));//9

        //方式二
        Integer integer = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getParentId()))
                .reduce(0, (sum, p) -> sum += p.getParentId(), Integer::sum);
        System.out.println(integer);//9

    }

3.6.2 求所有数据的parentId的乘积

要相乘的数据有null值，会报空指针异常，
需要过滤null值：filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getParentId()))

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(null).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(3).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        Optional<Integer> reduce = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getParentId()))
                .map(CityRequest::getParentId)
                .reduce((x, y) -> x * y);
        System.out.println(reduce.orElse(null));//18

    }

3.6.3 求所有数据的parentId的最大值

要比较的数据有null值，会报空指针异常，
需要过滤null值：filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getParentId()))

   public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(null).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(3).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(3).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(1).cityName("西安").build());

        //方式一
        Optional<Integer> reduce = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getParentId()))
                .map(CityRequest::getParentId)
                .reduce((x, y) -> x > y ? x : y);

        //方式二
        Integer integer = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getParentId()))
                .map(CityRequest::getParentId)
                .reduce(0, Integer::max);

        System.out.println(reduce.orElse(null));//3
        System.out.println(integer);//3

    }

3.6.4 求所有分账金额的和
累加的数据有null值，会报空指针异常，
需要过滤null值：filter(Objects::nonNull)
没有符合条件最后返回 0

public static void main(String[] args) {
      List<ChPayLedgerBillLogRequest> requests = Arrays.asList(
               ChPayLedgerBillLogRequest.builder().dimensionAmount(null).build(),
               ChPayLedgerBillLogRequest.builder().dimensionAmount(new BigDecimal("100.98")).build(),
               ChPayLedgerBillLogRequest.builder().dimensionAmount(new BigDecimal("98.99")).build());
       BigDecimal reduce = requests.stream()
                .map(ChPayLedgerBillLogRequest::getDimensionAmount)
                .filter(Objects::nonNull)
                .reduce(BigDecimal.ZERO, BigDecimal::add);
        System.out.println(reduce);//199.97
    }

3.7 收集 - collect

经过流处理过的数据的结果集装到哪个容器中。

3.7.1 toList / toSet / toMap

收集为map时，允许null key，不允许null value 。
key有重复的会报错：java.lang.IllegalStateException: Duplicate key

   public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        //收集属性
        //list
        List<Integer> collect = list.stream()
                .map(CityRequest::getId)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(collect);//[null, 1, 9, 234, 234]

        //set
        Set<Integer> set = list.stream()
                .map(CityRequest::getId)
                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
        System.out.println(set);//[null, 1, 9, 234]

        //map key允许为null，value不允许为null ，需要做null值处理
        Map<Integer, String> requestMap = list.stream()
                .collect(Collectors.toMap(CityRequest::getId,
                        o -> ObjectUtil.isNull(o.getCityName()) ? "" : o.getCityName(),(o1, o2) -> o1));
        System.out.println(requestMap);
        //{null=, 1=海南, 9=成都, 234=北京}

        //收集对象集合
        //list
        List<CityRequest> requestList = list.stream()
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(requestList);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
        
        //set
        Set<CityRequest> requestSet = list.stream()
                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
        System.out.println(requestSet);
        //[CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

        //map 如果key有相同的取第一个
        Map<Integer, CityRequest> map = list.stream()
                .collect(Collectors.toMap(CityRequest::getId, Function.identity(), (o1, o2) -> o1));
        System.out.println(map);
        //{null=CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // 1=CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // 9=CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // 234=CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null)}
    }

3.7.2 统计 count / averaging

统计的值有null值，会报空指针异常：
null值处理：filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()))

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        //总数 如果要统计的值有null值，会报空指针异常
        long count = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()) && o.getId() > 1)
                .count();
        System.out.println(count);//3

        //平均id 如果要统计的值有null值，会报空指针异常
        Double collect = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()))
                .collect(Collectors.averagingInt(CityRequest::getId));
        System.out.println(collect);//119.5

    }

3.7.3 分组 partitioningBy groupingBy

partitioningBy ：按照条件分组。分组的属性有null会报空指针异常
groupingBy：按照属性分组。分组后的key有null值报空指针异常：element cannot be mapped to a null key

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        //根据id大于9分组  分组的属性有null会报空指针异常 此处处理如果为空算在小于9里面
        Map<Boolean, List<CityRequest>> collect = list.stream()
                .map(o -> {
                    o.setId(ObjectUtil.isNull(o.getId()) ? 0 : o.getId());
                    return o;
                }).collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(o -> o.getId() > 9));
        System.out.println(collect);
        //{false=[CityRequest(id=0, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null)],
        // true=[CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]}

        //根据城市名称分组  key为空报空指针异常：element cannot be mapped to a null key
        Map<String, List<CityRequest>> listMap = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getCityName()))
                .collect(Collectors.groupingBy(CityRequest::getCityName));
        System.out.println(listMap);
        //{成都=[CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null)], 
        // 西安=[CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)], 
        // 海南=[CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null)], 
        // 北京=[CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null)]}
    }

3.7.4 连接 joining

将流中的元素按指定规则链接

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        String collect = list.stream()
                .map(CityRequest::getCityName)
                .collect(Collectors.joining("-"));
        System.out.println(collect);//null-海南-成都-北京-西安
    }

3.8 排序 - sorted

sorted()：升序
sorted(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getParentId).reversed()：降序
排序的属性有null值报错，需要null值处理
sorted(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getId,Comparator.nullsFirst(Ineger::compare)))
nullsLast()：null最大
nullsFirst()：null最小

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        //按parentId降序排序 排序的属性有null会报错
        List<CityRequest> requestList = list.stream()
                .sorted(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getParentId).reversed())
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

        //按parentId升序 排序的属性有null会报错
        List<CityRequest> requests = list.stream()
                .sorted(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getParentId))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

        //parentId升序排序
        List<CityRequest> collect = list.stream()
                .sorted((o1, o2) -> o1.getParentId().compareTo(o2.getParentId()))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(collect);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

        //parentId降序排序
        List<CityRequest> cityRequestList = list.stream()
                .sorted((o1, o2) -> o2.getParentId().compareTo(o1.getParentId()))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(cityRequestList);
        //[CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

		 //id降序排序 null值最大
        List<CityRequest> collect = list.stream()
                .sorted(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getId,Comparator.nullsLast(Integer::compare)).reversed())
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(collect);
       //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

        //id升序排序 null最小
        List<CityRequest> requests = list.stream()
                .sorted(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getId, Comparator.nullsFirst(Integer::compare)))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(requests);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
    }

3.9 分页 - skip / limit

skip：开始的索引 = （当前的页 - 1） * 每页记录数
limit：每页记录数

    /**
     * 分页
     * @param pageNow 当前页
     * @param pageSize 每页记录数
     * @return
     */
    public static List<CityRequest> limit(Integer pageNow,Integer pageSize){
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(900).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        pageSize = ObjectUtil.isNull(pageSize) ? 10 : pageSize;

        return list.stream()
                .sorted(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getId,Comparator.nullsLast(Integer::compareTo))
                        .thenComparing(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getParentId).reversed()))
                .skip(ObjectUtil.isNull(pageNow) ? 0 : (long) (pageNow - 1) * pageSize)
                .limit(pageSize).collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

   /**
     * 分页
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> limit = limit(null, null);
        //[CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=900, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
        System.out.println(limit);

        List<CityRequest> requests = limit(1, 3);
        System.out.println(requests);
        //[CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

        List<CityRequest> cityRequests = limit(2, 3);
        System.out.println(cityRequests);
        //[CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=900, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
    }

4.0 去重 - distinct

紧跟着的集合的所有元素（对象属性）去重
如需根据过滤后的集合去重需要在map/filter后 collect收集元素前去重

       List<BusinessRefundNotifyResponse> businessRefundNotifyResponses = Arrays.asList(
                BusinessRefundNotifyResponse.builder().heliPayOrderNo("123").refundAmount(new BigDecimal("100")).build(),
                BusinessRefundNotifyResponse.builder().heliPayOrderNo("123").refundAmount(new BigDecimal("100")).build()

        );
       //对businessRefundNotifyResponses集合去重
       List<BusinessRefundNotifyResponse> collect = businessRefundNotifyResponses.stream()
                .distinct()
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(collect.size());//1

		//对collect 集合去重
        List<String> strings = collect.stream()
                .distinct()
                .map(BusinessRefundNotifyResponse::getHeliPayOrderNo)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());        
        System.out.println(strings);//[123]


        List<BusinessRefundNotifyResponse> list = Arrays.asList(
                BusinessRefundNotifyResponse.builder().heliPayOrderNo("123").refundAmount(new BigDecimal("100")).build(),
                BusinessRefundNotifyResponse.builder().heliPayOrderNo("124").refundAmount(new BigDecimal("100")).build()

        );
        //对list集合去重
        List<BusinessRefundNotifyResponse> responses = list.stream()
                .distinct()
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(responses.size());//2
		//对list集合里面的heliPayOrderNo属性去重
        List<String> stringList = list.stream()
                .map(BusinessRefundNotifyResponse::getHeliPayOrderNo)
                .distinct()
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(stringList);//[123, 124]

二、jdk8常用的集合方法

1.1 条件删除 - removeIf

按条件删除集合中的元素
注：
如果要删除的元素或者删除的条件有null值，则会报空指针异常，需要对原集合过滤null值
包装类集合： filter(Objects::nonNull)
对象集合： filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()))


    /**
     * 包装类集合
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        List<Integer> integers = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4,null));

        List<Integer> filterIntegers = integers.stream()
                .filter(Objects::nonNull)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());//过滤空值

        filterIntegers.removeIf(inr -> 1 == inr);

        System.out.println(integers.toString());//[1, 2, 3, 4, null]

        System.out.println(filterIntegers.toString());//[2, 3, 4]

    }

    /**
     * 对象集合
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).build());

        List<CityRequest> cityRequests = list.stream()
                .filter(o -> ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        boolean b = cityRequests.removeIf(o -> o.getId().equals(1));
        System.out.println(cityRequests);//[CityRequest(id=234, parentId=null, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
        System.out.println(b);//true
    }

1.2 排序 - sort

无返回值。排序字段有null值，报空指针异常：
处理：
nullsFirst ： null最小
nullsLast ： null最大

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        //id升序 nullsFirst ： null最小 ，属性有null：空指针异常
        list.sort(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getId,Comparator.nullsFirst(Integer::compare)));
        System.out.println(list);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

        //id倒序 nullsLast：null最大 属性有null：空指针异常
        list.sort(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getId,Comparator.nullsLast(Integer::compareTo)).reversed());
        System.out.println(list);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
        //id倒序在按parentId升序 nullsLast：null最大 属性有null：空指针异常
        list.sort(Comparator.comparing(CityRequest::getId,Comparator.nullsLast(Integer::compareTo))
                .reversed().thenComparing(CityRequest::getParentId,Comparator.nullsFirst(Integer::compareTo)));
        System.out.println(list);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null),
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=null)]

    }

1.3 遍历 - forEach

遍历集合，无返回值。

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<CityRequest> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(null).parentId(2).build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(1).parentId(2).cityName("海南").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(9).parentId(4).cityName("成都").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(6).cityName("北京").build());
        list.add(CityRequest.builder().id(234).parentId(8).cityName("西安").build());

        //给id为1的赋值isChoice赋值
        list.forEach(o ->{
            if(ObjectUtil.isNotNull(o.getId()) && o.getId().equals(1)){
                o.setIsChoice("100");
            }
        });
        System.out.println(list);
        //[CityRequest(id=null, parentId=2, cityName=null, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=1, parentId=2, cityName=海南, sort=null, isChoice=100), 
        // CityRequest(id=9, parentId=4, cityName=成都, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=6, cityName=北京, sort=null, isChoice=null), 
        // CityRequest(id=234, parentId=8, cityName=西安, sort=null, isChoice=null)]
        
    }