Netty剖析之Http服务案例

前言

前面我们讲了Netty的线程模型，还有一些Netty的特性，以及使用Netty编写过一个Tcp服务案例，本次呢，我们将结合前面所学的知识，来编写一个Http服务案例

Http服务案例

需求：使用Netty编写一个Http服务端，可以让浏览器正常访问，并且服务端可以返回信息给浏览器。

服务端代码基本与前面的TCP服务一致，只是在pipeline管道里额外加入了处理http的编码、解码器（HttpServerCodec），自定义的handler不在继承ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter，而是继承SimpleChannelInboundHandler，详见如下代码：

public class HttpServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {

            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup,workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                            // 获取管道对象
                            ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
                            // 添加netty提供的处理http的编码、解码器
                            pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
                            // 加入自定义的handler
                            pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerHandler());
                        }
                    });

            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(8899).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

public class HttpServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, HttpObject httpObject) throws Exception {
        // 判断是不是Http请求
        if(httpObject instanceof HttpRequest){

            // 得到http请求
            HttpRequest httpRequest = (HttpRequest) httpObject;
            // 请求地址信息
            URI uri = new URI(httpRequest.uri());
            System.out.println("request url ：" + uri.getPath());

            ByteBuf content = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello client", CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
            // 创建http响应对象
            DefaultFullHttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.OK, content);
            // 设置响应头
            httpResponse.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE,"text/plan");
            httpResponse.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH, content.readableBytes());

            channelHandlerContext.writeAndFlush(httpResponse);
        }
    }
}

浏览器访问测试：

可以看到，浏览器请求成功了，并且收到了服务端响应的信息。