目录
1. Spring文件上传
在实际的项目中,文件上传是必不可少的一部分,SpringMVC为文件上传提供了很好的支持,通过MultipartResolver(Multipart解析器)处理,他是一个接口,有两个实现类
1)CommonsMultipartResolver:该方式依赖于Apache下的commons Fileupload项目来处理multipart请求,所以在使用时,必须要引入相应的jar包; commons-io-2.6.jar 和commons-fileupload-1.3.3.jar
导入其他需要用到的jar包
commons-logging.jar
spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-aop-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1">
<display-name>JavaWeb-Day05</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.do</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><!-- 当启动的时候加载 -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 在web.xml配置编码处理的过滤器 ,解决中文乱码问题 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 扫描注解 -->
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.chtw.*"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 用于扫描RequestMapping -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean id=""
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!--配置文件上传;配置id名的时候需要注意,只能是下面的固定名字,否则报错 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
<!-- 限制文件上传大小最大为1MB -->
<property name="maxUploadSize">
<value>1048576</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
form表单如下
<% application.setAttribute("basePath", "http://localhost:8080/JavaWeb-Day05"); %>
<form action="${basePath}/upload.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<div>
用户名:<input type="text" name="userName">
</div>
<div>
密码:<input type="password" name="password">
</div>
<div>
年龄:<input type="number" name="age">
</div>
<div>
文件一:<input type="file" name="fs">
</div>
<div>
文件二:<input type="file" name="fs">
</div>
<div>
文件三:<input type="file" name="fs">
</div>
<div>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</div>
</form>
在Controller组件书写文件上传的方法:
package com.chtw.controller;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import com.chtw.entity.Student;
import com.chtw.entity.User;
@Controller
public class IndexController {
/**
* 调转到index
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String index() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public String upload(@RequestParam("fs") MultipartFile[] fs,User user) {
System.out.println(user.getUserName()+"--"+user.getPassword()+"--"+user.getAge());
String uploadPath="D://springUpload";
File file = new File(uploadPath);
if(!file.exists()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
//源文件-->目标文件
for(MultipartFile f:fs) {
if(f.isEmpty()) {
continue;
}
File target = new File(uploadPath+file.separator+f.getOriginalFilename());
try {
f.transferTo(target);
} catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return "success";
}
}
2)StandarServletMultipartResolver:它是Spring3.1以后的产物,不需要引入其他jar包,依赖Servlet3.1及其以上的容器才可以能实现。
在applicationContext.xml下配置
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver"/>
在web.xml中配置
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><!-- 配置前端控制器-->
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<multipart-config>
<location>D:/</location><!--临时文件的目录-->
<max-file-size>2097152</max-file-size><!-- 上传文件最大2M -->
<max-request-size>4194304</max-request-size><!-- 上传文件整个请求不超过4M -->
</multipart-config>
</servlet>
2. JSR303 数据校验
数据验证也是非常重要的部分,我们知道web应用程序的核心安全问题就是用户可以任意输入,当用户输入某些语句时可以构成某些有害行为,sql注入漏洞就是这个原因。为了能够降低这一风险,数据验证必不可少。
SpringMVC自身对数据在服务端的校验有一个比较好的支持,通过JSR-303注解实现对输入内容的验证,将不合格的数据信息保存在错误对象中,这些错误信息我们也可以通过SpringMVC提供的标签在前端JSP页面上进行展示。
JSR-303校验注解
在applicationContext.xml中配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 扫描注解 -->
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.chtw.*"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 用于扫描RequestMapping -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<mvc:annotation-driven validator="validator"/>
<!-- 配置数据检验注册 -->
<bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean">
<property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator"/>
</bean>
</beans>
3. Springmvc处理json数据
在实际的开发过程中,json数据经常都会使用,因为他格式简单,解析起来也比较方便。SpringMVC对json也有良好的支持。需要用到以下一个jar包。
1、jackson-core-2.5.0.jar 核心jar包
2、jackson-annotations-2.5.0.jar 注解包,提供注解功能
3、jackson-databind-2.5.0.jar 数据绑定包
4、jackson-core-asl-1.9.7.jar
5、jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.7. jar 这两个包是实现java对象和json数据之间自由转换的。
对于json数据,SpringMVC处理企业也比较方便,只需要在在方法前面加上@ResponseBody。下面我举一个例子,一个实体类一个controller,写好后启动服务器,访问localhost:8080/你的项目名/json.do
package com.chtw.entity;
public class User {
private String userName;
private String password;
private int age;
public User(String userName, String password, int age) {
super();
this.userName = userName;
this.password = password;
this.age = age;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
package com.chtw.controller;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import com.chtw.entity.Student;
import com.chtw.entity.User;
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping("/json")
@ResponseBody //以json返回数据
public List<User> json() {
List<User> lists = new ArrayList<User>();
User user = new User("Alice","123456",21);
User user1 = new User("Bob","654321",29);
User user2 = new User("Coler","987520",35);
lists.add(user);
lists.add(user1);
lists.add(user2);
return lists;
}
}
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