在离线混合部署及k8s上用prometheus+grafana监控资源初尝试

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-10 00:12:23 发布

chen_haoren

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-10 00:12:23 发布

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文章标签： kubernetes

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chen_haoren/article/details/108893070

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文章目录

在离线混合部署
- 什么叫做在离线混合部署
- 为什么要做在离线混合部署
k8s上的prometheus+grafana监控资源
- prometheus
- Prometheus监控基本原理
部署prometheus+grafana监控
创建对象
部署grafana组件

在离线混合部署

什么叫做在离线混合部署

首先要明确什么叫做在线任务和离线任务：在线任务需要资源相对较少，但要求响应时间短，例如web服务；离线任务则不需要对任务进行迅速响应，但是计算量相对较大、占用资源多，例如机器学习。因此我们把在线和离线项目部署在同一个集群上就叫做在离线混合部署。

为什么要做在离线混合部署

举一个例子，淘宝双十一的服务量是非常高的，那么为了保证双十一当天服务器不会崩溃，需要一台计算能力足够大的服务器来支持运行，但是双十一过后，如此大的一个机器便失去了他的作用，那么就会造成资源的浪费，那么我们就要采取在离线混合部署来使我们的服务始终保持一个高的资源利用率。当在线资源需求量大的时候，我们让离线资源为在线资源让路，同样的让在线资源需求量小的时候我们来让离线资源使用更高的资源。

k8s上的prometheus+grafana监控资源

prometheus

Prometheus是由SoundCloud开发的开源监控报警系统和时序列数据库(TSDB)。Prometheus使用Go语言开发，是Google BorgMon监控系统的开源版本。
2016年由Google发起Linux基金会旗下的原生云基金会(Cloud Native Computing Foundation), 将Prometheus纳入其下第二大开源项目。
Prometheus目前在开源社区相当活跃。
Prometheus和Heapster(Heapster是K8S的一个子项目，用于获取集群的性能数据。)相比功能更完善、更全面。Prometheus性能也足够支撑上万台规模的集群。

Prometheus监控基本原理

Prometheus的基本原理是通过HTTP协议周期性抓取被监控组件的状态，任意组件只要提供对应的HTTP接口就可以接入监控。不需要任何SDK或者其他的集成过程。这样做非常适合做虚拟化环境监控系统，比如VM、Docker、Kubernetes等。输出被监控组件信息的HTTP接口被叫做exporter 。目前互联网公司常用的组件大部分都有exporter可以直接使用，比如Varnish、Haproxy、Nginx、MySQL、Linux系统信息(包括磁盘、内存、CPU、网络等等)。
在这里插入图片描述

部署prometheus+grafana监控

采用daemonset方式部署node-exporter组件

cat node-exporter.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: node-exporter
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: node-exporter
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: node-exporter
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: prom/node-exporter
        name: node-exporter
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9100
          protocol: TCP
          name: http
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: node-exporter
  name: node-exporter
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 9100
    nodePort: 31672
    protocol: TCP
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    k8s-app: node-exporter

部署prometheus组件

创建rbac-setup.yaml

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources:
  - nodes
  - nodes/proxy
  - services
  - endpoints
  - pods
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups:
  - extensions
  resources:
  - ingresses
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- nonResourceURLs: ["/metrics"]
  verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: prometheus
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system

以configmap的形式管理prometheus组件的配置文件

创建configmap.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-config
  namespace: kube-system
data:
  prometheus.yml: |
    global:
      scrape_interval:     15s
      evaluation_interval: 15s
    scrape_configs:

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-apiservers'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
        action: keep
        regex: default;kubernetes;https

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-nodes'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
        action: replace
        target_label: __scheme__
        regex: (https?)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        target_label: __address__
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        replacement: $1:$2
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_name

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-services'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: service
      metrics_path: /probe
      params:
        module: [http_2xx]
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        target_label: kubernetes_name

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-ingresses'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: ingress
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]
        regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
        replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]
        target_label: kubernetes_name

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: pod
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        replacement: $1:$2
        target_label: __address__
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_pod_name

Prometheus deployment 文件

创建prometheus.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    name: prometheus-deployment
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: prom/prometheus:v2.0.0
        name: prometheus
        command:
        - "/bin/prometheus"
        args:
        - "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
        - "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus"
        - "--storage.tsdb.retention=24h"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/prometheus"
          name: data
        - mountPath: "/etc/prometheus"
          name: config-volume
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
          limits:
            cpu: 500m
            memory: 2500Mi
      serviceAccountName: prometheus    
      volumes:
      - name: data
        emptyDir: {}
      - name: config-volume
        configMap:
          name: prometheus-config      
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    app: prometheus
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 9090
    targetPort: 9090
    nodePort: 30003
  selector:
    app: prometheus

创建对象

kubectl create -f node-exporter.yaml
kubectl create -f rbac-setup.yaml
kubectl create -f configmap.yaml
kubectl create -f promethues.yaml

查看pod

kubectl get pods -n kube-system

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查看service

kubectl get svc -n kube-system

在这里插入图片描述

可以看到node-exporter对应的端口为31672
访问访问http://localhost:31672
在这里插入图片描述
可以在这里看到一些采集来的信息，这个是不断滚动更新的。

访问prometheus
prometheus对应的端口为30003
访问http://localhost:30003
在这里插入图片描述

部署grafana组件

创建grafana deployment配置文件

vim grafana-deploy.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: grafana-core
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: grafana
    component: core
spec:
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: grafana
        component: core
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: grafana/grafana:5.0.0
        name: grafana-core
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        env:
          - name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED
            value: "true"
          - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED
            value: "false"
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /login
            port: 3000
        volumeMounts:
        - name: grafana-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /var
      volumes:
      - name: grafana-persistent-storage
        emptyDir: {}

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: grafana
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: grafana
    component: core
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 3000
      nodePort: 31000
  selector:
    app: grafana

创建

kubectl create -f grafana-deploy.yaml

查看

kubectl get pod -n kube-system
kubectl get svc -n kube-system

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可以看到grafana nodeport端口为31000，可使用nodeip+nodeport的方式访问grafana
访问http://localhost:31000

默认账号密码都为admin

进入后可添加数据源
在这里插入图片描述
可以直接输入模板编号315在线导入，或者下载好对应的json模板文件本地导入，面板模板下载地址https://grafana.com/dashboards/315
可以看到监控资源

在这里插入图片描述

chen_haoren

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在离线混合部署及k8s上用prometheus+grafana监控资源初尝试

文章目录在离线混合部署什么叫做在离线混合部署为什么要做在离线混合部署k8s上的prometheus+grafana监控资源prometheusPrometheus监控基本原理部署prometheus+grafana监控部署prometheus组件以configmap的形式管理prometheus组件的配置文件Prometheus deployment 文件创建对象部署grafana组件在离线混合部署什么叫做在离线混合部署首先要明确什么叫做在线任务和离线任务：在线任务需要资源相对较少，但要求响应时间短，
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