多态数组1

定义的类型为父类类型，实际保存的是子类类型。如下图所示：

 

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Persion[] persions = new Persion[5];//Persion类数组。和新建立数组一样。
        persions[0] = new Persion("jack", 20);
        persions[1] = new Student("timi", 18, "18");
        persions[2] = new Student("王", 22, "89");
        persions[3] = new Teacher("zhao0", 56, 8500);
        persions[4] = new Teacher("xiao", 70, 8600);
        for (int i = 0; i < persions.length; i++) {
            //编译类型是Persion，运行类型是根据实际情况来执行。
            //动态绑定机制。
            //其实这都是父类的引用指向子类的对象。这才是实际情况下考虑的很多场景。
            if (persions[i] instanceof Student) {//判断当前的Persions对象是否属于Student类。然后进行类型的转换。

                ((Student) persions[i]).study();//向下转型
                //也可以写成上面的形式。Student student = (Student)persions[i];
            } else if (persions[i] instanceof Teacher) {
                ((Teacher) persions[i]).teach();
            }else{
                System.out.println(persions[i].say());
            }
        }


    }
}

public class Persion {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Persion(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    //方法：
    public String say() {
        return "name = " + name + "age =" + age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}
public class Student extends Persion {
    private String score;

    public Student(String name, int age, String score) {
        super(name, age);
        this.score = score;
    }

    @Override
    public String say() {
        return super.say() + " score = " + score;
    }
    public void study() {
        System.out.println("学生" + getName() + "正在学习java" );
    }

    public String getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(String score) {
        this.score = score;
    }
}
public class Teacher  extends  Persion{
    private double salary;

    public Teacher(String name, int age, double salary) {
        super(name, age);
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    @Override
    public String say() {
        return super.say() + "salary = " + salary;
    }
    public void teach() {
        //这里为什么是要写getName呢，这是因为name 在本类是没有的，必须去调用父类的
        //name，别忘记了set和get是啥的了，set是为了设置判断，get是为了在不同的类能够进行
        //使用，因为他是private啊。只能在本类使用。所以用get获取。
        System.out.println("老师" + getName() + "正在教英语");
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public void setSalary(double salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
}