【单例模式】

单例模式常见的几种方法

饿汉式

    //饿汉式
    private final static SingletonPattern singletonPattern = new SingletonPattern();
    private SingletonPattern() {
        System.out.println("调用了构造方法~~~~");
    }

    public static SingletonPattern getInstance() {
        return singletonPattern;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(SingletonPattern.getInstance());
        System.out.println(SingletonPattern.getInstance());
    }

输出结果：

使用懒汉式调用了构造方法~~~~
cn.edu.设计模式.SingletonPattern@1540e19d
cn.edu.设计模式.SingletonPattern@1540e19d

懒汉式DCL

    //懒汉式DCL
    private static volatile SingletonPattern singletonPattern=null;
    private SingletonPattern() {
        System.out.println("使用懒汉式DCL调用了构造方法~~~~");
    }
    public static SingletonPattern getInstance() {
        if (singletonPattern==null){
            synchronized (SingletonPattern.class){
                if (singletonPattern==null){
                    singletonPattern=new SingletonPattern();
                }
            }
        }
        return singletonPattern;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(SingletonPattern.getInstance());
        System.out.println(SingletonPattern.getInstance());
    }

输出结果：

使用懒汉式DCL调用了构造方法~~~~
cn.edu.设计模式.SingletonPattern@1540e19d
cn.edu.设计模式.SingletonPattern@1540e19d

volatile的作用：

懒汉式内部类

    //懒汉式匿名内部类
    public static class GetSingletonPattern{
        private final static SingletonPattern singletonPattern = new SingletonPattern();
    }
    private SingletonPattern() {
        System.out.println("使用懒汉式匿名内部类调用了构造方法~~~~");
    }
    public static SingletonPattern getInstance() {
        return GetSingletonPattern.singletonPattern;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(SingletonPattern.getInstance());
        System.out.println(SingletonPattern.getInstance());
    }

输出结果：

使用懒汉式匿名内部类调用了构造方法~~~~
cn.edu.设计模式.SingletonPattern@1540e19d
cn.edu.设计模式.SingletonPattern@1540e19d

ps： 会受到反射，序列化，unsafe()的影响破坏单例