正则表达式-Java实现-基础内容

学习正则表达式参考书是《正则表达式必知必会》- Ben Forta 杨涛翻译
我是使用Java来联系里面的内容，所以在开始之前需要先了解两个Java用来编译正则表达式的类。

	java .util.regex.Pattern;
	java.util.regex.Pattern; 

这里不做详细的介绍，在 API 文档中都有。将里面常用的方法，在下面的例子中呈现：

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/*
*Pattern 类用于创建一个正则表达式，也可以说创建一个匹配模式，它的构造方法是私有的，不可以直接创建，但是可以通过
*Pattern.compile(regex String)简单工厂方法创建一个正则表达式
*/

public class TestPattern1{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\w+");
		//pattern()  Return the regular expression from which this pattern was compiled
		System.out.println(p.pattern());
		
		//split()  The array of strings computed by splitting the input around matches of this pattern
		String[] strs = p.split("我的QQ是:123456我的电话是：123456我的又像是aaa@aaaa.com");
		for (int i = 0, len = strs.length; i < len; i++){
			System.out.println("str[" + i + "]=" + strs[i]);
		}
	}
}

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class TestPattern2{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		System.out.println(Pattern.matches("\\d+", "2223"));	//true
		System.out.println(Pattern.matches("\\d+", "2223aa"));	//false
		System.out.println(Pattern.matches("\\d+", "22bb23"));	//false
	}
}

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class TestMatcher1{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\d+");
		//matcher(input : CharSequence)  Creates a matcher that will match the given input against this pattern.
		Matcher m = p.matcher("22bb23");
		
		//pattern() Returns the pattern that is interpreted by this matcher.
		System.out.println(m.pattern()); // \d+
		
		//matches() Attempts to match the entire region against the pattern.
		System.out.println(m.matches()); //false
		Matcher m2 = p.matcher("2233");
		System.out.println(m2.matches()); //true

		//lookingAt() Attempts to match the input sequence, starting at the beginning of the region, against the pattern.
		System.out.println(m.lookingAt());  //true
		Matcher m3 = p.matcher("aa2233");
		System.out.println(m3.lookingAt());  //false

		//find() Attempts to find the next subsequence of the input sequence that matches the pattern.
		System.out.println(m.find()); //true
		System.out.println(m2.find()); //false
		System.out.println(m3.find()); //true
		Matcher m4 = p.matcher("aabb");
		System.out.println(m4.find());  //false
	}
}

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class TestMatcher2{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		//当使用matches()，lookingAt()，find()执行匹配操作之后，就可以使用start()、lookingAt()、find()

		//start() Returns the start index of the previous match.
		Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\d+");
		Matcher m = p.matcher("aaa2223bb");
		System.out.println(m.find()); //true
		System.out.println(m.start());	//3

		//end() Returns the offset after the last character of the subsequence captured by the given group during the previous match operation.
		System.out.println(m.end()); //7

		//group() Returns the input subsequence captured by the given group during the previous match operation
		System.out.println(m.group()); //2223
		
		System.out.println();

		Matcher m2 = p.matcher("2233aa");
		System.out.println(m2.lookingAt());//false
		System.out.println(m2.start()); //0
		System.out.println(m2.end()); //4
		System.out.println(m2.group()); //2233

		System.out.println();

		Matcher m3 = p.matcher("aa2233");
		System.out.println(m3.lookingAt()); //false
		//System.out.println(m3.start());	//出现异常，因为 lookingAt()没有找到内容，那么自然不可能再继续进行查找

		System.out.println();
		
		Matcher m4 = p.matcher("222356");
		System.out.println(m4.matches()); //false
		System.out.println(m4.start()); //0
		System.out.println(m4.end()); //6
		System.out.println(m4.group()); //222356
	}
}

import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;

public class Regex1{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\d+");
		Matcher m = p.matcher("我的QQ是123456 我的电话是123456 我的邮箱是aaa@bbb.com");
		while (m.find()){
			System.out.println(m.group());
		}
	}
}

import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;

public class Regex2{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\d+");
		Matcher m = p.matcher("我的QQ是123456 我的电话是123456 我的邮箱是：aaaa@bbbb.com");
		while (m.find()){
			System.out.println(m.group());
			System.out.print("start: " + m.start());
			System.out.println("  end: " + m.end());
		}
	}
}