反射主要用到四个方法如下:
1:getDeclaredClass() 获取内部类
2:getDeclaredConstruct()很多人误以为反射获取实例,必须要有个无参构造方法,其实不然,先获取有参构造方法再调用Construct的newInstance(Object.. obj)一样可以
3:getDeclaredField()
Field cacheField = clazz.getDeclaredField("cache");
// 修改private
cacheField.setAccessible(true);
// 修改final
Field modifiersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField("modifiers");
modifiersField.setAccessible(true);
modifiersField.set(cacheField, cacheField.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);
// 属性适用范围(public,protected,default,private)
System.out.println(Modifier.toString(D1.class.getDeclaredField("num").getModifiers()));
// 属性类型
System.out.println(D1.class.getDeclaredField("num").getType() == Integer.class);
4:getDeclaredMethod() 获取方法
下面举个例子,Integer有个缓存区IntegerCache,范围-128到127;意思就是超过127之后的数字,
Integer a = 128 跟Integer a = new Integer(128)是一样的。验证如下:
public class F {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Integer a = 1;
Integer b = 1;
System.out.println(a == b);
Integer a1 = 128;
Integer b1 = 128;
System.out.println(a1 == b1);
}
}
true
false
下面我们看看Integer的缓存源码:
private static class IntegerCache {
static final int low = -128;
static final int high;
static final Integer cache[];
static {
// high value may be configured by property
int h = 127;
String integerCacheHighPropValue =
sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
try {
int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
i = Math.max(i, 127);
// Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
} catch( NumberFormatException nfe) {
// If the property cannot be parsed into an int, ignore it.
}
}
high = h;
cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
int j = low;
for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
cache[k] = new Integer(j++);
// range [-128, 127] must be interned (JLS7 5.1.7)
assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
}
private IntegerCache() {}
}
public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
return new Integer(i);
}
IntegerCache是静态内部类,利用javap -c 对class文件进行反编译,可以看出都调用了valueof(int i)方法,i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high范围的数字都是从缓存读取的 。
下面我们尝试修改这个缓存区,main方法如下:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Class integerClazz = Integer.class;
Class[] innerClazzs = integerClazz.getDeclaredClasses();
for (Class clazz : innerClazzs) {
try {
Field cacheField = clazz.getDeclaredField("cache");
// 修改private
cacheField.setAccessible(true);
// 修改final
Field modifiersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField("modifiers");
modifiersField.setAccessible(true);
modifiersField.set(cacheField, cacheField.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);
Integer[] caches = (Integer[]) cacheField.get(null);
caches[128] = 10;
cacheField.set(null, caches);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("----------------------------------------------------------------");
System.out.println(0);
System.out.println("******************************************************");
System.out.println(new Integer(0));
System.out.println("******************************************************");
Integer a = 0;
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println("******************************************************");
}
----------------------------------------------------------------
0
******************************************************
0
******************************************************
10
******************************************************
Process finished with exit code 0
给大家留个思考,为什么上面两个是0,最后一个为10,可以通过javap找到你想要的答案!