Nginx启动初始化流程
1. Nginx启动过程的流程图
下面给出Nginx启动过程的流程图,来自《深入理解nginx模块开发与架构解析》一书。
2. ngx_cycle_t结构体解析
Nginx的启动初始化在src/core/nginx.c的main函数中完成,当然main函数是整个Nginx的入口,除了完成启动初始化任务以外,也必定是所有功能模块的入口之处。Nginx的初始化工作主要围绕一个类型为ngx_cycle_t类型的全局变量(cycle)展开。
ngx_cycle_t结构体如下:
typedef struct ngx_cycle_s ngx_cycle_t;
struct ngx_cycle_s {
void ****conf_ctx; //配置上下文数组(含所有模块)
ngx_pool_t *pool; //内存池
ngx_log_t *log; //日志
ngx_log_t new_log;
ngx_connection_t **files; //连接文件
ngx_connection_t *free_connections; //空闲连接
ngx_uint_t free_connection_n; //空闲连接个数
ngx_queue_t reusable_connections_queue; //再利用连接队列
ngx_array_t listening; //监听数组
ngx_array_t pathes; //路径数组
ngx_list_t open_files; //打开文件链表
ngx_list_t shared_memory; //共享内存链表
ngx_uint_t connection_n; //连接个数
ngx_uint_t files_n; //打开文件个数
ngx_connection_t *connections; //连接
ngx_event_t *read_events; //读事件
ngx_event_t *write_events; //写事件
ngx_cycle_t *old_cycle; //old cycle指针
ngx_str_t conf_file; //配置文件
ngx_str_t conf_param; //配置参数
ngx_str_t conf_prefix; //配置前缀
ngx_str_t prefix; //前缀
ngx_str_t lock_file; //锁文件
ngx_str_t hostname; //主机名
};
3. main函数解析
int ngx_cdecl
main(int argc, char *const *argv)
{
ngx_int_t i;
ngx_log_t *log;
ngx_cycle_t *cycle, init_cycle;
ngx_core_conf_t *ccf;
ngx_debug_init();
if (ngx_strerror_init() != NGX_OK) {
return 1;
}
//nginx用此函数对参数选项进行解析,从而采取相应的动作,比如:显示版本,测试配置等。
if (ngx_get_options(argc, argv) != NGX_OK) {
return 1;
}
if (ngx_show_version) {
ngx_write_stderr("nginx version: " NGINX_VER NGX_LINEFEED);
if (ngx_show_help) {
ngx_write_stderr(
"Usage: nginx [-?hvVtq] [-s signal] [-c filename] "
"[-p prefix] [-g directives]" NGX_LINEFEED
NGX_LINEFEED
"Options:" NGX_LINEFEED
" -?,-h : this help" NGX_LINEFEED
" -v : show version and exit" NGX_LINEFEED
" -V : show version and configure options then exit"
NGX_LINEFEED
" -t : test configuration and exit" NGX_LINEFEED
" -q : suppress non-error messages "
"during configuration testing" NGX_LINEFEED
" -s signal : send signal to a master process: "
"stop, quit, reopen, reload" NGX_LINEFEED
#ifdef NGX_PREFIX
" -p prefix : set prefix path (default: "
NGX_PREFIX ")" NGX_LINEFEED
#else
" -p prefix : set prefix path (default: NONE)" NGX_LINEFEED
#endif
" -c filename : set configuration file (default: "
NGX_CONF_PATH ")" NGX_LINEFEED
" -g directives : set global directives out of configuration "
"file" NGX_LINEFEED NGX_LINEFEED
);
}
if (ngx_show_configure) {
ngx_write_stderr(
#ifdef NGX_COMPILER
"built by " NGX_COMPILER NGX_LINEFEED
#endif
#if (NGX_SSL)
#ifdef SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME
"TLS SNI support enabled" NGX_LINEFEED
#else
"TLS SNI support disabled" NGX_LINEFEED
#endif
#endif
"configure arguments:" NGX_CONFIGURE NGX_LINEFEED);
}
if (!ngx_test_config) {
return 0;
}
}
/* TODO */ ngx_max_sockets = -1;
ngx_time_init();//初始化并更新时间
#if (NGX_PCRE)
ngx_regex_init();
#endif
ngx_pid = ngx_getpid();
log = ngx_log_init(ngx_prefix); //初始化日志
if (log == NULL) {
return 1;
}
/* STUB */
#if (NGX_OPENSSL)
ngx_ssl_init(log);
#endif
/*
* init_cycle->log is required for signal handlers and
* ngx_process_options()
*/
//清零全局变量ngx_cycle,并分配内存池
ngx_memzero(&init_cycle, sizeof(ngx_cycle_t));
init_cycle.log = log;
ngx_cycle = &init_cycle;
init_cycle.pool = ngx_create_pool(1024, log);
if (init_cycle.pool == NULL) {
return 1;
}
//ngx_save_argv函数将命令行参数保存到ngx_os_argv,ngx_argc以及ngx_argv这几个全局的变量中。着应该算是一个备份存储,方便后面的初始化工作能够随时获取命令行参数。
if (ngx_save_argv(&init_cycle, argc, argv) != NGX_OK) {
return 1;
}
if (ngx_process_options(&init_cycle) != NGX_OK) {
return 1;
}
//完成操作系统的一些信息获取,如内存页面大小,系统限制资源等信息,所有的这些资源都会被保存在对应的全局变量中。
if (ngx_os_init(log) != NGX_OK) {
return 1;
}
/*
* ngx_crc32_table_init() requires ngx_cacheline_size set in ngx_os_init()
*/
//<