2021-09-03

1.区别
keepdim=True
运算完之后的维度和原来一样，原来是三维数组现在还是三维数组（不过某一维度变成了1）；
keepdim=False
运算完之后一般少一维度，求平均变为1的那一维没有了；
axis=k
按第k维运算，其他维度不遍，第k维变为1。

import numpy as np
x=[
[[1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12]],
[[13,14,15,16],[17,18,19,20],[21,22,23,24]]
]
x = np.array(x)
x = torch.from_numpy(x)
x
Out[64]: 
tensor([[[ 1,  2,  3,  4],
         [ 5,  6,  7,  8],
         [ 9, 10, 11, 12]],
        [[13, 14, 15, 16],
         [17, 18, 19, 20],
         [21, 22, 23, 24]]], dtype=torch.int32)
x = x.type(torch.float64)
x
Out[66]: 
tensor([[[ 1.,  2.,  3.,  4.],
         [ 5.,  6.,  7.,  8.],
         [ 9., 10., 11., 12.]],
        [[13., 14., 15., 16.],
         [17., 18., 19., 20.],
         [21., 22., 23., 24.]]], dtype=torch.float64)
print("shape of x.mean(axis=0,keepdim=True):") 
shape of x.mean(axis=0,keepdim=True):
x.shape
Out[68]: torch.Size([2, 3, 4])
print(x.mean(axis=0,keepdim=True).shape) 
torch.Size([1, 3, 4])
print("shape of x.mean(axis=0,keepdim=False):")         #[3, 4]
print(x.mean(axis=0,keepdim=False).shape)       
shape of x.mean(axis=0,keepdim=False):
torch.Size([3, 4])