PYTHONSMTP-邮件收发

发送普通文本邮件

PYTHON 中提供了 email 模块可以完成邮件 MUA 的处理，将信件内容通过网络传输给指定的服务器

# 引入需要的模块
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

# 定义发送人邮箱信息
SMTP_SERVER = 'smtp.qq.com'
EMAIL_USER = 'XXXXX@qq.com'
EMAIL_PASS = 'pemvxeznhohfdhhg'

# 定义发件人、收件人邮箱
sender = EMAIL_USER
receiver = 'XXX.XX@foxmail.com'

# 定义邮件的内容
message = MIMEText("这是一个文本邮件，<h1>普通文本</h1>", 'plain', 'utf-8')

# 定义收件人、发件人和邮件主题、如果不定义~可能会引发554垃圾邮件的检查错误
message['from'] = sender
message['to'] = receiver
message['subject'] = '测试邮件'

# 连接邮件服务器
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(SMTP_SERVER, 465)
# 设置信息展示级别
server.set_debuglevel(1)
# 登录邮箱服务器
server.login(EMAIL_USER, EMAIL_PASS)
# 发送邮件
server.sendmail(from_addr=sender, to_addrs=receiver, msg=message.as_string())

# 退出并关闭客户端
server.quit()
print("邮件发送结束。")

发送HTML邮件

'''
AUTHOR:
VERSION: V1.0.000
DESC: 发送网页格式的邮件
'''
from email.mime.text  import MIMEText
from email.header     import Header
from email.utils      import parseaddr, formataddr
from smtplib          import SMTP_SSL

def __format_addr(adress):
    '''用户信息和邮箱解析函数'''
    rn, addr = parseaddr(adress)
    # 返回编码解析后的数据
    return formataddr((Header(rn, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))

# 定义发件人信息
SMTP_SERVER = 'smtp.qq.com'
EMAIL_USER = 'XXXXXXXXX@qq.com'
EMAIL_PASS = 'pemvxeznhohfdhhg'

# 定义发件人、收件人
sender = EMAIL_USER
receive = 'XXXXXX@sina.com'

# 定义邮件内容
message = MIMEText('<h1>这是一份HTML邮件</h1>', 'html', 'utf-8')
# 定义发件人、收件人、邮箱标题
message['subject'] = Header('HTML测试邮件', charset='utf-8')
message['from'] = __format_addr('发件人 <{}>'.format(sender))
message['to'] = __format_addr('收件人 <{}>'.format(receive))

# 连接邮件服务器
mail_server = SMTP_SSL(SMTP_SERVER, 465)
mail_server.set_debuglevel(1)

# 登录服务器
mail_server.login(EMAIL_USER, EMAIL_PASS)
# 发送邮件
mail_server.sendmail(from_addr=sender, to_addrs=receive, msg=message.as_string())
# 关闭并退出客户端
mail_server.close()
print('邮件发送成功。')

发送带附件的邮件

# 引入依赖的模块
from smtplib                import SMTP_SSL
from email.mime.multipart   import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base        import MIMEBase
from email.mime.text        import MIMEText
from email.header           import Header
from email.utils            import parseaddr, formataddr
from email                  import encoders

def __format_addr(user):
    rn, addr = parseaddr(user)
    return formataddr((Header(rn, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))

# 定义发件人信息
# SMTP_SERVER = 'smtp.qq.com'
SMTP_SERVER = 'smtp.sina.com.cn'
EMAIL_USER = 'XXXX@sina.com'
EMAIL_PASS = 'nuomi123456'

# 定义发件人、收件人
sender = EMAIL_USER
receive = 'XXXXXX@qq.com'

# 定义邮件对象
message = MIMEMultipart()
# 绑定发件人、收件人、主题
message['subject'] = Header('来自糯米团子的邮件', 'utf-8')
message['from'] = __format_addr(sender)
message['to'] = __format_addr(receive)

# 定义信件文本的内容
content = MIMEText('<h1>风未起芒毕显露，图已穷路未踏尽</h1>', 'html', 'utf-8')
message.attach(content)

# 绑定一个附件内容
with open('attachment/background2.jpg', 'rb') as f:
    # 设置MIMEBase对象包装附件
    attachment = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
    # 添加附件
    attachment.set_payload(f.read())
    # 添加附件标题
    print(f.name)
    attachment.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=('gbk', '', f.name))
    # 编码附件
    encoders.encode_base64(attachment)
    # 添加附件到邮箱中
    message.attach(attachment)

# 登录邮件服务器
mail_server = SMTP_SSL(SMTP_SERVER, 465)
mail_server.set_debuglevel(1)
mail_server.login(EMAIL_USER, EMAIL_PASS)

# 发送邮件
mail_server.sendmail(from_addr=sender, to_addrs=receive, msg=message.as_string())

# 发送完成，退出
mail_server.quit()
print("邮件发送成功。")

邮件收发封装

'''
AUTHOR: nuomi 
VERSION: V1.0.000
DESC: 邮件操作模块
INTRO：使用简介
    # 创建邮件对象
    mail = MailSender('smtp.sina.com.cn', 465, 'XXXX@sina.com', 'password')
    # 添加附件
    mail.add_attachment('attachment/background2.jpg')
    mail.add_attachment('attachment/py10tools-1.00.001.tar.gz')
    # 定义文本内容
    msg = "<h1>发送的测试邮件</h1>"
    # 发送邮件
    mail.send('测试邮件', 'XXXX@qq.com', msg)
    # 关闭
    mail.close()
'''
from smtplib                import SMTP_SSL
from email.mime.multipart   import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base        import MIMEBase
from email.mime.text        import MIMEText
from email.header           import Header
from email.utils            import parseaddr, formataddr
from email                  import encoders
from logging                import debug, info, warning, error, basicConfig, DEBUG


class MailSender(object):
    '''邮件发送模块对象'''
    # 发件人
    _from = None
    # 附件列表
    _attachments = []

    def __init__(self, smtp_server, port, email_user, email_password):
        '''初始化服务器连接'''
        # 初始化日志模块
        basicConfig(level=DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s - %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] - %(levelname)s: %(message)s')
        # 连接服务器
        info("连接指定smtp服务器..{}".format(smtp_server))
        self.smtp_server = SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, port)
        info('服务器连接成功')
        # 登录服务器
        self.__login(email_user, email_password)

    def __login(self, user, pwd):
        '''使用指定的账号+密码连接服务器'''
        debug('设置发件人信息')
        self._from = user
        info("开始使用指定账号{}密码{}登录服务器".format(user, pwd))
        try:
            self.smtp_server.login(user, pwd)
        except:
            info('服务器登录成功')
        info('服务器登录成功')

    def add_attachment(self, file):
        '''
        添加附件
        :param file: 添加附件的完整路径/相对路径
        :return: None
        '''
        info('邮件中添加附件{}'.format(file))
        with open(file, 'rb') as f:
            debug('封装附件对象')
            attach = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
            debug(attach)
            attach.set_payload(f.read())
            debug(attach)
            attach.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=('gbk', '', f.name))
            debug("附件开始编码")
            encoders.encode_base64(attach)
            debug('编码完成')
        self._attachments.append(attach)
        info('附件{}添加完成'.format(file))

    def send(self, subject, to_addr, content):
        '''
        发送邮件
        :param subject: 邮件标题
        :param to_addr: 收件人列表
        :param content: 邮件文本内容
        :return:
        '''
        info("开始封装邮件")
        msg = MIMEMultipart()
        debug("开始添加文本邮件内容")
        contents = MIMEText(content, 'html', _charset='utf-8')
        debug("开始设置邮件标题")
        msg['subject'] = subject
        debug("开始设置发件人信息")
        msg['from'] = self._from
        debug("开始设置收件人信息")
        msg['subject'] = to_addr
        info("添加附件...")
        for att in self._attachments:
            msg.attach(att)
        info("添加文本内容")
        msg.attach(contents)
        try:
            info("开始发送邮件")
            self.smtp_server.sendmail(self._from, to_addr,msg.as_string())
            info("发送邮件成功")
            return True
        except Exception as e:
            info("发送邮件失败", e)
            return False

    def close(self):
        self.smtp_server.quit()
        info("邮件客户端退出")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 创建邮件对象
    mail = MailSender('smtp.sina.com.cn', 465, 'XXXX@sina.com', 'password')
    # 添加附件
    # mail.add_attachment('../')
    mail.add_attachment('../attachment/py10tools-1.00.001.tar.gz')
    # 定义文本内容
    msg = "<h1>发送的测试邮件</h1>"
    # 发送邮件
    mail.send('测试邮件', 'XXXXX@qq.com', msg)
    # 关闭
    mail.close()