screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation (具有 VT100/ANSI 终端仿真的屏幕管理器)

screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation (具有 VT100/ANSI 终端仿真的屏幕管理器)

1. screen [-opts] [cmd [args]] or screen -r [host.tty]

Options:
-4            Resolve hostnames only to IPv4 addresses.
-6            Resolve hostnames only to IPv6 addresses.
-a            Force all capabilities into each window's termcap.
-A -[r|R]     Adapt all windows to the new display width & height.
-c file       Read configuration file instead of '.screenrc'.
-d (-r)       Detach the elsewhere running screen (and reattach here).
-dmS name     Start as daemon: Screen session in detached mode.
-D (-r)       Detach and logout remote (and reattach here).
-D -RR        Do whatever is needed to get a screen session.
-e xy         Change command characters.
-f            Flow control on, -fn = off, -fa = auto.
-h lines      Set the size of the scrollback history buffer.
-i            Interrupt output sooner when flow control is on.
-l            Login mode on (update /var/run/utmp), -ln = off.
-ls [match]   or
-list         Do nothing, just list our SockDir [on possible matches].
-L            Turn on output logging.
-m            ignore $STY variable, do create a new screen session.
-O            Choose optimal output rather than exact vt100 emulation.
-p window     Preselect the named window if it exists.
-q            Quiet startup. Exits with non-zero return code if unsuccessful.
-Q            Commands will send the response to the stdout of the querying process.
-r [session]  Reattach to a detached screen process.
-R            Reattach if possible, otherwise start a new session.
-s shell      Shell to execute rather than $SHELL.
-S sockname   Name this session <pid>.sockname instead of <pid>.<tty>.<host>.
-t title      Set title. (window's name).
-T term       Use term as $TERM for windows, rather than "screen".
-U            Tell screen to use UTF-8 encoding.
-v            Print "Screen version 4.03.01 (GNU) 28-Jun-15".
-wipe [match] Do nothing, just clean up SockDir [on possible matches].
-x            Attach to a not detached screen. (Multi display mode).
-X            Execute <cmd> as a screen command in the specified session.

resolve [rɪ'zɒlv]：vt. 决定，溶解，使...分解，决心要做... vi. 解决，决心，分解 n. 坚决，决定要做的事

远程登录到 Linux 服务器，经常需要很长时间才能完成任务，在此期间不能关掉窗口或者断开连接，否则这个任务就会被杀掉。可以用 screen 命令解决这个问题。screen 命令可以实现当前窗口与任务分离，即使离线了，服务器仍在后台运行任务。当重新登录服务器，可以读取窗口线程，重新连接任务窗口。只要 screen 本身没有终止，在其内部运行的会话都可以恢复。这一点对于远程登录的用户特别有用，即使网络连接中断，用户也不会失去对已经打开的命令行会话的控制。screen 在网络环境不好的地方非常的有用。

screen -v
-v - Print "Screen version 4.03.01 (GNU) 28-Jun-15".

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -v
Screen version 4.03.01 (GNU) 28-Jun-15
strong@foreverstrong:~$

screen -ls / screen -list
-ls [match] or -list - Do nothing, just list our SockDir [on possible matches].

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
No Sockets found in /var/run/screen/S-strong.

strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -list
No Sockets found in /var/run/screen/S-strong.

strong@foreverstrong:~$

screen -S yong
-S sockname - Name this session <pid>.sockname instead of <pid>.<tty>.<host>.

新建名称为 yong 的 session，并进入 yong 的 session。

使用 screen -ls 查看当前存在的 session。Attached 表示这个 screen 会话是活动的。其中 3380.yong 中 3380 表示 screen 会话的进程号，yong 表示 screen 会话名。

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -S yong

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There is a screen on:
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:09 PM)        (Attached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -list
There is a screen on:
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:09 PM)        (Attached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$

Ctrl + A D -> detach
暂时离开当前 session，将目前的 screen session 丢到后台执行，并回到还没进 screen 时的状态，此时在 screen session 里运行的 process 会继续执行，即使 logout 也不影响。

C-a d / C-a C-d - (detach) Detach screen from this terminal.

[detached from 3380.yong]
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -list
There is a screen on:
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:09 PM)        (Detached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There is a screen on:
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:09 PM)        (Detached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$

screen -r yong
-r [session] - Reattach to a detached screen process.

恢复离线的 screen 会话，回到会话名 yong。

detach [dɪ'tætʃ]：vt. 分离，派遣，使超然
attach [ə'tætʃ]：vt. 使依附，贴上，系上，使依恋 vi. 附加，附属，伴随

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There is a screen on:
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:08 PM)        (Detached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -r yong

......

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -list
There is a screen on:
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:08 PM)        (Attached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$

screen -x 3380
-x - Attach to a not detached screen. (Multi display mode).

screen -x / screen -r + 进程 ID 或者会话名都可以。恢复离线的 screen 作业。

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There is a screen on:
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:08 PM)        (Detached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -x 3380

......

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -list
There is a screen on:
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:09 PM)        (Attached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$

新建一个名称为 qiang 的会话，并进入到该会话中。

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -S qiang

列出所有会话列表。

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:37 PM)        (Attached)
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:08 PM)        (Detached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$

kill 3380
kill 3380 杀死 3380.yong。

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:37 PM)        (Detached)
        3380.yong       (09/12/2019 07:27:08 PM)        (Detached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ kill 3380
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There is a screen on:
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:38 PM)        (Detached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$

screen -dmS cheng
-dmS name - Start as daemon: Screen session in detached mode.

新建一个名称为 cheng 的会话，不进入到该会话中。

daemon ['diːmən]：n. 守护进程，后台程序

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There is a screen on:
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:37 PM)        (Detached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -dmS cheng
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        15991.cheng     (09/16/2019 08:17:36 AM)        (Detached)
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:38 PM)        (Detached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$

screen -X -S 16019 quit
screen -X -S 16019 quit 关闭 16019.test。

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        15991.cheng     (09/16/2019 08:17:36 AM)        (Detached)
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:38 PM)        (Detached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -dmS test
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        16019.test      (09/16/2019 08:23:46 AM)        (Detached)
        15991.cheng     (09/16/2019 08:17:36 AM)        (Detached)
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:38 PM)        (Detached)
3 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -X -S 16019 quit
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        15991.cheng     (09/16/2019 08:17:36 AM)        (Detached)
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:38 PM)        (Detached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$

screen -wipe
-wipe [match] Do nothing, just clean up SockDir [on possible matches].

screen -list 会显示会话为 dead 状态。使用 screen -wipe 命令清除该会话

screen -d 7042
-d (-r) - Detach the elsewhere running screen (and reattach here).

strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        15991.cheng     (09/16/2019 08:17:36 AM)        (Attached)
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:38 PM)        (Attached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -d 15991

......

[remote detached from 15991.cheng]
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        15991.cheng     (09/16/2019 08:17:36 AM)        (Detached)
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:38 PM)        (Attached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -d 7042
[7042.qiang detached.]

strong@foreverstrong:~$
strong@foreverstrong:~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
        15991.cheng     (09/16/2019 08:17:35 AM)        (Detached)
        7042.qiang      (09/13/2019 05:01:37 PM)        (Detached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-strong.
strong@foreverstrong:~$