安装CentOS后的基本配置

安装CentOS后的基本配置

1、网络配置

1.1 CentOS 6
        1)  vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
             ONBOOT=yes
             BOOTPROTO=static
             IPADDR=192.168.153.136
             NETMASK=255.255.255.0
             GATEWAY=192.168.153.2(网关在虚拟机网络编辑器->NET设置中可以看到)
             DNS1=192.168.153.2
        2) service network restart
        3) ifconfig，查看IP是否配置好
        4) ping www.baidu.com，验证是否可以访问外网   
 

1.2 CentOS 7
        1) vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777728
            BOOTPROTO=static
            ONBOOT=yes
            IPADDR=192.168.255.136
            NETMASK=255.255.255.0
            GATEWAY=192.168.255.2
            DNS1=192.168.255.2
         2) service network restart（新命令：systemctl restart network.service）
         3) 最小化安装时，没有ifconfig
         4) ping www.baidu.com，验证是否可以访问外网   

2、修改主机名

2.1   修改hosts

         [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts

         默认值值不要删除，添加一行

         192.168.153.136 node1
        
2.2   修改hostname

         [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hostname

         node1

2.3    重启

         [root@localhost ~]#shutdown -r now

         查看主机名是否改变

3、更改镜像源

3.1  安装wget

       [root@node1 ~]#yum install -y wget

3.2  下载aliyun的repo

      [root@node1 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

3.3  更新镜像源

       [root@node1 ~]#yum clean all

       [root@node1 ~]#yum makecache

3.4 测试

      [root@node1 ~]#yum install -y vim

4、关闭防火墙和Selinux

4.1 CentOS6

     [root@node1 ~]#chkconfig iptables off

     [root@node1 ~]#vi /etc/selinux/config
       修改：SELINUX=disabled

4.2 CentOS7

     [root@node1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
     Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
     Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.
     [root@node1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

     [root@node1 ~]# setenforce 0
     [root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
     SELINUX=disabled

5、SSH无密钥配置

5.1 安装SSH

       [root@node1 ~]#yum install -y openssh-clients

5.2 配置无密码登录

       [root@cnode1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
       Generating public/private dsa key pair.
       Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
       Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.
       Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
       The key fingerprint is:
        cf:04:68:7d:57:0c:a0:3e:63:31:fa:53:66:72:0c:80 root@cnode1
        The key's randomart image is:
        +--[ DSA 1024]----+
        |     ..   ...o.  |
        |    E  + .   ..  |
        |      o B . .    |
        |     . o B .     |
        |      . S B      |
        |       o %       |
        |        o o      |
        |         .       |
        |                 |
        +-----------------+
      [root@cnode1 ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

      

      将公钥写到远程机器的 ~/ .ssh/authorized_key.文件中

      [root@cnode0 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub vnode0
      The authenticity of host 'vnode0 (192.168.1.180)' can't be established.
       ECDSA key fingerprint is 3d:7a:15:7e:bc:79:63:33:b9:a9:3d:5b:3c:53:16:78.
       Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
      /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
      /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
      root@vnode0's password: 

      Number of key(s) added: 1

      Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'vnode0'"
      and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

      [root@cnode0 ~]# ssh vnode0
      Last login: Mon Mar  6 03:15:45 2017 from east81
      [root@vnode0 ~]# exit
      logout
      Connection to vnode0 closed.
      [root@cnode0 ~]# 

6、安装JDK

6.1 卸载旧的JDK
       [root@node1 ~]#rpm -qa|grep jdk
       [root@node1 ~]#yum -y remove java java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.79-2.5.5.4.el6.x86_64
       [root@node1 ~]#rpm -qa|grep java
       [root@node1 ~]#yum -y remove java tzdata-java-2015e-1.el6.noarch
       [root@node1 ~]#rpm -qa|grep gcj

6.2 配置新JDK
       [root@node1 ~]# mkdir /opt/java
       [root@node1 ~]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u112-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/java
       [root@node1 ~]# cd /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112/
      [root@node1 jdk1.8.0_112]# pwd
      /opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112
6.3 配置环境变量

      [root@node1 ~]#vim /etc/profile

      #set Java Path
      export JAVA_HOME=/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_101
      export CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib
      export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
      [root@node1 ~]# source /etc/profile
      [root@node1 ~]# java -version

        重启，再次运行 java -version，检测Java环境变量是否配置好？

6.4 可能存在的问题

      针对CentOS7，在 /etc/profile配置全局环境变量可能会失效，一个解决的办法就是在 /etc/bashrc中配置

      [root@node1 ~]# source /etc/bashrc
      #set java path
      export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_112
      export CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib
      export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
     [root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/bashrc
     [root@node1 ~]# java -version

以下为按照ambari做准备

7、安装ntp

[root@cnode1 ~]# yum install -y ntp

 [root@cnode1 ~]# systemctl enable ntpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ntpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service.
[root@cnode1 ~]# systemctl start ntpd

[root@cnode1 ~]# echo umask 0022 >> /etc/profile