Data input format and Data output format

1.Data input format

mapreduce输入的数据一般都是key/value形式的数据,形如<k1,v1>,一般情况下,mapreduce输入的都是big file的形式,怎么将file转换为key/value的形式呢?这就需要使用InputFormat接口。

下面几个常见的InputFormat的实现类:

输入数据的格式还可以自定义类,必须实现InputFormat这个接口,该接口中存在两个方法:

InputSpilt[] getSplits(JobConf job,int numSplits) throws IOException;//该接口方法实现了把大数据分割成split,其中每个InputSplit会产生一个map,map的输入定义在  // split中

RecordReader<K,V> getRecordReader(InputSplit split,JobConf job,Reporter reporter)throws IOException;

该方法输入分割的split,返回RecordReader,通过RecordReader遍历split的record。其中RecordReader决定map任务怎么读取输入的数据,例如是一行一行的读取还是一个字节一个字节的读取。

2.Data output format

每个reducer将自己的输出写入到结果文件中,这是使用output data format来配置输出的文件的格式。hadoop预先实现了:



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In MATLAB, there are several ways to load data, depending on the format of the data and the desired output. Here are some common methods: 1. Load from a text file: To load data from a text file, use the `load` function with the filename as input. By default, `load` reads in a numeric matrix from the file. For example, to load data from a file called "data.txt": ``` data = load('data.txt'); ``` This will create a variable called "data" containing the matrix of values from the file. 2. Load from a CSV file: To load data from a CSV file, use the `readtable` function. For example, to load data from a file called "data.csv": ``` data = readtable('data.csv'); ``` This will create a variable called "data" containing a table of values from the file. 3. Load from a binary file: To load data from a binary file, use the `fread` function. For example, to load data from a file called "data.bin": ``` fid = fopen('data.bin','r'); data = fread(fid,[nrows ncols],'double'); fclose(fid); ``` This will create a variable called "data" containing a matrix of double-precision values from the file. 4. Load from a MAT file: To load data from a MAT file, use the `load` function with the filename as input. For example, to load data from a file called "data.mat": ``` load('data.mat'); ``` This will load all variables from the MAT file into the workspace. To output data in MATLAB, you can use the `disp` function to display the values in the command window, or you can use the `fprintf` function to print the values to a file or the command window in a specific format. For example: ``` disp(data); fprintf('The value of x is %d\n', x); ```
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