mqtt-emqx：保留消息的简单例子

【pom.xml】

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.49</version>
</dependency>

【MyDemo5IMqttMessageListener.java】

package com.chz.myMqttV3.demo5;

@Slf4j
public class MyDemo5IMqttMessageListener implements IMqttMessageListener
{
    @Override
    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) {
        log.info("messageArrived: topic={}, message={}", topic, new String(message.getPayload()));
    }
}

【MyDemo5MqttCallback.java】

package com.chz.myMqttV3.demo5;

@Slf4j
public class MyDemo5MqttCallback implements MqttCallbackExtended {

    private MqttClient client;
    private MqttConnectOptions options;
    private String[] topics;

    public MyDemo5MqttCallback(MqttClient client, MqttConnectOptions options, String[] topics)
    {
        this.client = client;
        this.options = options;
        this.topics = topics;
    }

    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    public void connectionLost(Throwable throwable) {
        log.error("connectionLost", throwable);
        while (!client.isConnected()) {
            log.info("emqx重新连接....................................................");
            client.connect(options);
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
        log.info("messageArrived: topic={}, message={}", topic, new String(message.getPayload()));
    }

    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
        if( token!=null ){
            MqttMessage message = token.getMessage();
            String topic = token.getTopics()==null ? null : Arrays.asList(token.getTopics()).toString();
            String str = message==null ? null : new String(message.getPayload());
            log.info("deliveryComplete: topic={}, message={}", topic, str);
        } else {
            log.info("deliveryComplete: null");
        }
    }

    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    public void connectComplete(boolean reconnect, String serverURI) {
        log.info("connectComplete: reconnect={}, serverURI={}", reconnect, serverURI);

        if( topics.length > 0 ){
            int[] qosArr = new int[topics.length];
            Arrays.fill(qosArr, 2);

            MyDemo5IMqttMessageListener[] listeners = new MyDemo5IMqttMessageListener[topics.length];
            Arrays.fill(listeners, new MyDemo5IMqttMessageListener());

            client.subscribe(topics, qosArr, listeners);
        }
    }
}

【MyDemo5MqttClient1Test.java】

package com.chz.myMqttV3.demo5;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

public class MyDemo5MqttClient1Test
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws  MqttException 
    {
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setUserName("admin");
        options.setPassword("public".toCharArray());
        options.setCleanSession(true);
        options.setAutomaticReconnect(true);
        options.setConnectionTimeout(20);
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(10);

        MqttClient client = new MqttClient("tcp://192.168.44.228:1883", "MyDemo5MqttClient1Test", new MemoryPersistence());
        client.setCallback(new MyDemo5MqttCallback(client, options, new String[]{"device/1"}));
        client.connect(options);
    }
}

注意消费的主题是【device/1】
【MyDemo5MqttClient2Test.java】

package com.chz.myMqttV3.demo5;

public class MyDemo5MqttClient2Test
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws  MqttException
    {
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setUserName("admin");
        options.setPassword("public".toCharArray());
        options.setCleanSession(true);
        options.setAutomaticReconnect(true);
        options.setConnectionTimeout(20);
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(10);

        MqttClient client = new MqttClient("tcp://192.168.44.228:1883", "MyDemo5MqttClient2Test", new MemoryPersistence());
        client.setCallback(new MyDemo5MqttCallback(client, options, new String[]{"device/#"}));
        client.connect(options);
    }
}

注意消费的主题是【device/#】

【MyDemo5MqttClient3Test.java】

package com.chz.myMqttV3.demo5;

public class MyDemo5MqttClient3Test
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws  MqttException 
    {
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setUserName("admin");
        options.setPassword("public".toCharArray());
        options.setCleanSession(true);
        options.setAutomaticReconnect(true);
        options.setConnectionTimeout(20);
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(10);

        MqttClient client = new MqttClient("tcp://192.168.44.228:1883", "MyDemo5MqttClient3Test", new MemoryPersistence());
        client.setCallback(new MyDemo5MqttCallback(client, options, new String[]{"$queue/device/1"}));
        client.connect(options);
    }
}

注意消费的主题是【$queue/device/1】

【MyDemo5MqttClient4Test.java】

package com.chz.myMqttV3.demo5;

public class MyDemo5MqttClient4Test
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws  MqttException 
    {
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setUserName("admin");
        options.setPassword("public".toCharArray());
        options.setCleanSession(true);
        options.setAutomaticReconnect(true);
        options.setConnectionTimeout(20);
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(10);

        MqttClient client = new MqttClient("tcp://192.168.44.228:1883", "MyDemo5MqttClient4Test", new MemoryPersistence());
        client.setCallback(new MyDemo5MqttCallback(client, options, new String[]{"$share/g1/device/1"}));
        client.connect(options);
    }
}

注意消费的主题是【$share/g1/device/1】
【MyDemo5MqttSenderTest.java】

package com.chz.myMqttV3.demo5;

public class MyDemo5MqttSenderTest
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, MqttException, InterruptedException 
    {
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setUserName("admin");
        options.setPassword("public".toCharArray());
        options.setCleanSession(true);
        options.setAutomaticReconnect(true);
        options.setConnectionTimeout(20);
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(10);

        MqttClient client = new MqttClient("tcp://192.168.44.228:1883", "MyDemo5MqttSenderTest", new MemoryPersistence());
        client.setCallback(new MyDemo5MqttCallback(client, options, new String[]{}));
        client.connect(options);

        for( int i=0; i<1; i++ ){
            String topic = "device/1";
            MqttMessage mqttMessage = new MqttMessage();
            mqttMessage.setRetained(true);    // 注意这一句，表示这个消息是保留消息
            String msg = "I am MyMqttClient3Test, at node [192.168.44.230:1883]:" + i;
            mqttMessage.setPayload(msg.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            client.publish(topic, mqttMessage);
            System.out.println("send: " + msg);
            Thread.sleep(1000L);
        }
    }
}

先运行【MyDemo5MqttSenderTest】，等启动完毕之后（消息已经发出去了）关掉进程。
然后再启动【MyDemo5MqttClient1Test、MyDemo5MqttClient2Test、MyDemo5MqttClient3Test、MyDemo5MqttClient4Test】。
看运行输出的日志：


可见【device/1】和【device/#】这两个广播订阅的方式可以消费到数据。

可见【$queue/device/1】和【$share/g1/device/1】这两个集群订阅的方式无法消费到数据。

总结：

• 【广播订阅】可以消费到保留消息
• 【集群订阅】无法消费到保留消息

这种情况想来也是合理的，因为【广播订阅】时每一个消费者都需要消费到消息，而【集群消费】时一个分组里面只有一个消费者可以消费到消息。所以当集群分组里面一个消费者启动时，如果分组里面已经有了其它的消费者，这个保留消息就已经被同一个分组里面的其它消费者消费过了。