tomcat的启动流程

调试的源码的版本为： 8.5.55

tomcat的启动类是：Bootstrap这个类，里面有个main方法，用于启动tomcat服务：

public static void main(String args[]) {

        synchronized (daemonLock) {
            if (daemon == null) {
                // Don't set daemon until init() has completed
                // 创建bootstrap对象
                Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
                try {
                    // 初始话方法
                    bootstrap.init();
                } catch (Throwable t) {
                    handleThrowable(t);
                    t.printStackTrace();
                    return;
                }
                daemon = bootstrap;
            } else {
                // When running as a service the call to stop will be on a new
                // thread so make sure the correct class loader is used to
                // prevent a range of class not found exceptions.
                Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(daemon.catalinaLoader);
            }
        }

        try {
            // 如果是启动命令，那么就会调用启动那一分支
            String command = "start";
            if (args.length > 0) {
                command = args[args.length - 1];
            }

            if (command.equals("startd")) {
                args[args.length - 1] = "start";
                daemon.load(args);
                daemon.start();
            } else if (command.equals("stopd")) {
                args[args.length - 1] = "stop";
                daemon.stop();
            } else if (command.equals("start")) {
                daemon.setAwait(true);
                // 加载资源
                daemon.load(args);
                // 启动容器
                daemon.start();
                if (null == daemon.getServer()) {
                    System.exit(1);
                }
            } else if (command.equals("stop")) {
                daemon.stopServer(args);
            } else if (command.equals("configtest")) {
                daemon.load(args);
                if (null == daemon.getServer()) {
                    System.exit(1);
                }
                System.exit(0);
            } else {
                log.warn("Bootstrap: command \"" + command + "\" does not exist.");
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // Unwrap the Exception for clearer error reporting
            if (t instanceof InvocationTargetException &&
                    t.getCause() != null) {
                t = t.getCause();
            }
            handleThrowable(t);
            t.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }

这个main方法里面：涉及到的启动过程，就是init初始化，load 加载， start 启动三个流程：

Bootstrap初始化init的代码,这里会生成Catalina类型的对象：

/**
     * Initialize daemon.
     * @throws Exception Fatal initialization error
     */
    public void init() throws Exception {

        // 初始化类加载器
        initClassLoaders();

        // 设置Context的类加载器
        Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(catalinaLoader);

        SecurityClassLoad.securityClassLoad(catalinaLoader);

        // Load our startup class and call its process() method
        if (log.isDebugEnabled())
            log.debug("Loading startup class");
        Class<?> startupClass = catalinaLoader.loadClass("org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina");
        // 通过反射去创建Catalina对象，org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina
        Object startupInstance = startupClass.getConstructor().newInstance();

        // Set the shared extensions class loader
        if (log.isDebugEnabled())
            log.debug("Setting startup class properties");
        String methodName = "setParentClassLoader";
        Class<?> paramTypes[] = new Class[1];
        paramTypes[0] = Class.forName("java.lang.ClassLoader");
        Object paramValues[] = new Object[1];
        paramValues[0] = sharedLoader;
        // 调用org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina的setParentClassLoader方法
        method.invoke(startupInstance, paramValues);
        Method method =
            startupInstance.getClass().getMethod(methodName, paramTypes);
        method.invoke(startupInstance, paramValues);

        // 生成catalinaDamemon对象，就是org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina类型的实例
        catalinaDaemon = startupInstance;
    }

Boostrap的load代码，里面会反射调用Catalina的load方法：

/**
     * Load daemon.
     */
    private void load(String[] arguments) throws Exception {

        // Call the load() method
        String methodName = "load";
        Object param[];
        Class<?> paramTypes[];
        if (arguments==null || arguments.length==0) {
            paramTypes = null;
            param = null;
        } else {
            paramTypes = new Class[1];
            paramTypes[0] = arguments.getClass();
            param = new Object[1];
            param[0] = arguments;
        }
        Method method =
            catalinaDaemon.getClass().getMethod(methodName, paramTypes);
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            log.debug("Calling startup class " + method);
        }
        // 反射调用catalinaDaemon的load方法
        method.invoke(catalinaDaemon, param);
    }

 Catalina的load方法：

 /**
     * Start a new server instance.
     * 创建一个Server实例
     */
    public void load() {

        if (loaded) {
            return;
        }
        loaded = true;

        long t1 = System.nanoTime();
        // 初始化目录方法
        initDirs();

        // Before digester - it may be needed
        initNaming();

        // Create and execute our Digester
        // 创建解析server.xml的对象
        Digester digester = createStartDigester();

        InputSource inputSource = null;
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        File file = null;
        try {
            try {
                file = configFile();
                inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
                inputSource = new InputSource(file.toURI().toURL().toString());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    log.debug(sm.getString("catalina.configFail", file), e);
                }
            }
            if (inputStream == null) {
                try {
                    inputStream = getClass().getClassLoader()
                        .getResourceAsStream(getConfigFile());
                    inputSource = new InputSource
                        (getClass().getClassLoader()
                         .getResource(getConfigFile()).toString());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug(sm.getString("catalina.configFail",
                                getConfigFile()), e);
                    }
                }
            }

            // This should be included in catalina.jar
            // Alternative: don't bother with xml, just create it manually.
            if (inputStream == null) {
                try {
                    inputStream = getClass().getClassLoader()
                            .getResour