相关代码:
2月21日任务
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>//向量
#include<iterator>//迭代器
#include<algorithm>//算法
#include<functional>//函数
//STL三大组件:容器,算法,迭代器
/*
void main()
{
int ar[]={1,2,3,4,5,6,3,2};
vector<int> a(ar,ar+8);
a.push_back(1);
a.push_back(2);
//copy(istream_iterator<int>(cin),
istream_iterator<int>(),
back_insert_iterator<vector<int>>(a));//从键盘输入
copy(a.begin(),a.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));//拷贝:输出
cout<<endl;
sort(a.begin(),a.end());//在STL算法中,可以直接调用sort函数
copy(a.begin(),a.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout<<endl;
}*/
/*
void print(int n);
bool greater5(int n);
template<class Type>
class Print
{
public:
void operator()(Type n)
{
cout<<n<<" ";
}
};
template<class Type>
class Greater
{
public:
Greater(int d):value(d)
{}
bool operator()(Type m)
{
return value>m;
}
private:
Type value;
};
void main()
{
int a[]={2,5,7,1,8};
int b[5];
int n=sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]);
sort(a,a+n,greater<int>());//greater()是从大到小排序
copy(a,a+n,ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout<<endl;
sort(a,a+n,less<int>());//less()是从小到大排序
copy(a,a+n,ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout<<endl;
copy(a,a+n,b);
copy(b,b+n,ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));//把a拷贝到b中
cout<<endl;
for_each(b,b+n,print);//最后一个传的是函数名for_each相当于for循环
cout<<endl;
for_each(b,b+n,Print<int>());//如果输出要求带类型的话,就把后面的写成一个类
cout<<endl;
vector<int>vt(a,a+n);//重新定义一个向量的容器把a数组放进去
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
cout<<vt.at(i)<<" ";//用.at()可以访问向量中的数据元素
}
cout<<endl;
vector<int>::iterator iter;//用迭代器也可以访问向量中的数据元素
for(iter=vt.begin();iter!=vt.end();iter++)
{
cout<<*iter<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
iter=find(vt.begin(),vt.end(),100);
if(iter!=vt.end())
{
cout<<*iter<<" ";//找到就输出,找不到就不输出
}
iter=vt.begin();
while(iter!=vt.end())
{
iter=find_if(iter,vt.end(),greater5);//find_if是查找一个范围
if(iter==vt.end())
break;
cout<<*iter<<" ";
iter++;
}
cout<<endl;
iter=vt.begin();
while(iter!=vt.end())
{
iter=find_if(iter,vt.end(),Greater<int>(2));
if(iter==vt.end())
break;
cout<<*iter<<" ";
iter++;
}
}
void print(int n)
{
cout<<n<<" ";
}
bool greater5(int n)
{
return n>5;
}
*/
/*
template<class Type>
class Greater
{
public:
Greater(int d):value(d)
{}
bool operator()(Type m)
{
return value>m;
}
private:
Type value;
};
int main()
{
vector<int> a;
for(int i=1;i<10;i++)
{
a.push_back(i);
}
a.push_back(2);
a.push_back(3);
a.push_back(5);
a.push_back(3);
int n=count(a.begin(),a.end(),2);//计算向量a当中有多少个2
cout<<n<<endl;
n=count_if(a.begin(),a.end(),Greater<int>(2));
cout<<n<<endl;
copy(a.begin(),a.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout<<endl;
replace(a.begin(),a.end(),2,10);//把2换成10
copy(a.begin(),a.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout<<endl;
transform(a.begin(),a.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "),negate<int>());//取反
}*/
void main()
{
int a[5]={2,5,6,7,4};
int b[5]={3,5,7,8,9};
reverse(a,a+5);
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
swap_ranges(a,a+5,b);//交换a与b
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
}
}
///2月22日
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
#include<string>
void print(int n)
{
cout<<n<<" ";
}
/*
void main()
{
int a[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0};
//vector<int> vt;
vector<int> v(a,a+10);//把a数组放到容器向量v中
vector<int>vt(v);//用v给vt 赋值
for_each(vt.begin(),vt.end(),print);//遍历输出
cout<<endl;
vector<int> v2(5,7);//5个7
for_each(v2.begin(),v2.end(),print);
cout<<endl;
//v.assign(v2.begin(),v2.end());//第一种赋值方式,用first,last给v赋值
v.assign(3,4);//第二种赋值方式:用count,value给v赋值
for_each(v.begin(),v.end(),print);
cout<<endl;
v.assign(a,a+5);//也可以用一个范围给v赋值
for_each(v.begin(),v.end(),print);
cout<<endl;
cout<<v.size()<<endl;
//cout<<"at:"<<v.at(5)<<endl;//用at进行访问,相当于访问下标,但是下标5访问不到,系统崩溃
cout<<endl;
cout<<"back:"<<v.back()<<endl;//v.back是访问最后一个元素
v.back()=11;//可以对v.back进行赋值,覆盖最后一个元素
for_each(v.begin(),v.end(),print);
cout<<endl;
cout<<v.front()<<endl;//访问第一个元素
//v.clear();
//cout<<v.size()<<endl;
int *p=v.data();//返回的是一个指针
for(p;p<v.data()+5;p++)
{
cout<<*p<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
v.erase(v.begin(),v.begin()+2);//删除
for_each(v.begin(),v.end(),print);
cout<<endl;
v.insert(v.begin(),a,a+5);
for_each(v.begin(),v.end(),print);//where first,last
cout<<endl;
v.insert(v.begin(),5,0);
for_each(v.begin(),v.end(),print);//where,count ,value
cout<<endl;
}*/
void main()
{
map<int,string>mp;
mp[0]="2222";
mp[1]="4444";
mp[2]="6666";
mp[3]="8888";
//mp[2]="5555";//用这样的方式就会被覆盖
map<int,string>::iterator iter;
for(iter=mp.begin();iter!=mp.end();iter++)
{
cout<<iter->first<<":";
cout<<iter->second<<endl;
}
//mp.insert(pair<int ,string>(2,"5555"));//用这样的方式值就不会被改变
mp.insert(map<int,string>::value_type(2,"5555"));//用这样的方式也不会被改变
for(iter=mp.begin();iter!=mp.end();iter++)
{
cout<<iter->first<<":";
cout<<iter->second<<endl;
}