问题描述:
Given a triangle, find the minimum path sum from top to bottom. Each step you may move to adjacent numbers on the row below.
For example, given the following triangle
[
[2],
[3,4],
[6,5,7],
[4,1,8,3]
]
The minimum path sum from top to bottom is 11
(i.e., 2 + 3 + 5 + 1 = 11).
Note:
Bonus point if you are able to do this using only O(n) extra space, where n is the total number of rows in the triangle.
基本思想:
构造一个与给定三角形同样形状的三角形,每个节点记录从根到这个节点的最小路径。
计算每个节点的从根最小距离只依赖于上面节点的状况:
- 节点是最左节点, f[i][0] = f[i-1][0] + triangle[i][0] (i >=1)
- 节点是最右节点, f[i][j] = f[i-1][j-1] +triangle[i][j]
- 节点是中间节点, f[i][j] = min(f[i-1][j-1],f[i-1][j]) + triangle[i][j]
由此可以依次计算出每个节点的最小路径。
如果记录整个三角形需要O(n^2)的空间。 但是由于每行的计算只依赖于上一行的内容,所以空间复杂度可以只用O(n)。
代码:
int minimumTotal(vector<vector<int> > &triangle) { // c++
int rows = triangle.size();
//check null
if(rows == 0)
return 0;
vector<int> record(rows,triangle[0][0]);
int prej; //use prej to record record[j-1] before update
//tmp remember record[j] before update;
for(int i = 1; i < triangle.size(); i++)
for(int j = 0; j < triangle[i].size(); j++){
if(j == 0){
prej = record[j];
record[j] += triangle[i][j];
}
// record[j] = record[j-1] + triangle[i][j];
else if(j == triangle[i].size()-1){
int tmp = record[j];
record[j] = prej + triangle[i][j];
prej = tmp;
}
// record[j] = ((record[j] < record[j-1])? record[j] : record[j-1]) + triangle[i][j];
else{
int tmp = record[j];
record[j] = ((record[j] < prej)? record[j] : prej) + triangle[i][j];
prej = tmp;
}
}
//find minmum
int min = record[0];
for(int i = 1; i < record.size(); i++)
if(record[i] < min)
min = record[i];
return min;
}