lwIP源码解析---httpd（二）

lwIP源码解析—httpd（二）

一、简介
   1.1 lwip版本
   lwip 2.1.2

   1.2 代码范围
   在lwip中包含了http服务端的实现，文件路径：

    lwip-2.1.2\src\apps\http\httpd.c

   在源码案例中，只实现了GET方法的例子，POST方法还需要自己增加例子。此处也没有加入TLS层，需要实现HTTPS的还需要自己移植TLS。文件代码两千七百行左右。

二、源码分析
  2.1 初始化函数

static void
httpd_init_pcb(struct altcp_pcb *pcb, u16_t port)
{
   
  err_t err;

  if (pcb) {
   
    altcp_setprio(pcb, HTTPD_TCP_PRIO);
    /* set SOF_REUSEADDR here to explicitly bind httpd to multiple interfaces */
    err = altcp_bind(pcb, IP_ANY_TYPE, port);
    LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(err); /* in case of LWIP_NOASSERT */
    LWIP_ASSERT("httpd_init: tcp_bind failed", err == ERR_OK);
    pcb = altcp_listen(pcb);
    LWIP_ASSERT("httpd_init: tcp_listen failed", pcb != NULL);
    altcp_accept(pcb, http_accept);
  }
}

  在创建和绑定好tcp_pcb之后注册http_accept() 函数，当tcp客户端与之握手成功时会回调accept函数建立连接。

/**
 * A new incoming connection has been accepted.
 */
static err_t
http_accept(void *arg, struct altcp_pcb *pcb, err_t err)
{
   
  struct http_state *hs;
  LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(err);
  LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(arg);
  LWIP_DEBUGF(HTTPD_DEBUG, ("http_accept %p / %p\n", (void *)pcb, arg));

  if ((err != ERR_OK) || (pcb == NULL)) {
   
    return ERR_VAL;
  }

  /* Set priority */
  altcp_setprio(pcb, HTTPD_TCP_PRIO);

  /* Allocate memory for the structure that holds the state of the
     connection - initialized by that function. */
  hs = http_state_alloc();
  if (hs == NULL) {
   
    LWIP_DEBUGF(HTTPD_DEBUG, ("http_accept: Out of memory, RST\n"));
    return ERR_MEM;
  }
  hs->pcb = pcb;

  /* Tell TCP that this is the structure we wish to be passed for our
     callbacks. */
  altcp_arg(pcb, hs);

  /* Set up the various callback functions */
  altcp_recv(pcb, http_recv);
  altcp_err(pcb, http_err);
  altcp_poll(pcb, http_poll, HTTPD_POLL_INTERVAL);
  altcp_sent(pcb, http_sent);

  return ERR_OK;
}

  http_accept() 函数为HTTP连接创建结构体 struct http_state *hs; 用户保存这个连接的信息。同时注册回调函数：

  altcp_arg(pcb, hs);

  /* Set up the various callback functions */
  altcp_recv(pcb, http_recv);
  altcp_err(pcb, http_err);
  altcp_poll(pcb, http_poll, HTTPD_POLL_INTERVAL);
  altcp_sent(pcb, http_sent);

   altcp_arg(pcb, hs); 表明回调中传的参数是对应的hs，此后，完成了初始化工作。建立TCP连接之后，内核tcp.c会调用http_recv() 接受并且处理数据。

  2.2 接收函数

/**
 * Data has been received on this pcb.
 * For HTTP 1.0, this should normally only happen once (if the request fits in one packet).
 */
static err_t
http_recv(void *arg, struct altcp_pcb *pcb, struct pbuf *p, err_t err)
{
   
  struct http_state *hs = (struct http_state *)arg;
  LWIP_DEBUGF(HTTPD_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("http_recv: pcb=%p pbuf=%p err=%s\n", (void *)pcb,
              (void *)p, lwip_strerr(err)));

  if ((err != ERR_OK) || (p == NULL) || (hs == NULL)) {
   
    /* error or closed by other side? */
    if (p != NULL) {
   
      /* Inform TCP that we have taken the data. */
      altcp_recved(pcb, p->tot_len);
      pbuf_free(p);
    }
    if (hs == NULL) {
   
      /* this should not happen, only to be robust */
      LWIP_DEBUGF(HTTPD_DEBUG, ("Error, http_recv: hs is NULL, close\n"));
    }
    http_close_conn(pcb, hs);
    return ERR_OK;
  }

#if LWIP_HTTPD_SUPPORT_POST && LWIP_HTTPD_POST_MANUAL_WND
  if (hs->no_auto_wnd) {
   
    hs->unrecved_bytes += p->tot_len;
  }