菜鸟教程之Android学习笔记Service

Service初步

一、StartService启动Service的调用顺序

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test2;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private Button start;
    private Button stop;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnstart);
        stop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnstop);
        //创建启动Service的Intent,以及Intent属性
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE1");
        intent.setPackage(getPackageName());
        //Intent intent = new Intent(this,TestService1.class);
        //为两个按钮设置点击事件,分别是启动与停止service
        start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                startService(intent);
            }
        });

        stop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                stopService(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

TestService1.java

package com.example.test2;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

import java.security.Provider;

public class TestService1 extends Service {
    private final String TAG = "TestService1";

    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        System.out.println("onBind方法被调用!");
        Log.i(TAG, "onBind方法被调用!");
        return null;
    }

    public void onCreate() {
        System.out.println("onCreate方法被调用!");
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate方法被调用!");
        super.onCreate();
    }

    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        System.out.println("onStartCommand方法被调用!");
        Log.i(TAG, "onStartCommand方法被调用!");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    public void onDestroy() {
        System.out.println("onDestory方法被调用!");
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestory方法被调用!");
        super.onDestroy();
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

        <service android:name=".TestService1"
                 android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE1"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="200dp"
        android:id="@+id/btnstart"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="开始服务" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/btnstop"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="停止服务" />

</LinearLayout>

二. BindService启动Service的顺序

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test2;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private Button btnbind;
    private Button btncancel;
    private Button btnstatus;

    //保持所启动的Service的IBinder对象,同时定义一个ServiceConnection对象
    TestService2.MyBinder binder;
    private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {

        //Activity与Service断开连接时回调该方法
        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            System.out.println("------Service DisConnected-------");
        }

        //Activity与Service连接成功时回调该方法
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            System.out.println("------Service Connected-------");
            binder = (TestService2.MyBinder) service;
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btnbind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnbind);
        btncancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btncancel);
        btnstatus  = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnstatus);
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE2");
        intent.setPackage(getPackageName());

        btnbind.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //绑定service
                bindService(intent, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
            }
        });

        btncancel.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //解除service绑定
                unbindService(conn);
            }
        });

        btnstatus.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Service的count的值为:"
                        + binder.getCount(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
}

TestService2.java

package com.example.test2;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

public class TestService2 extends Service {
    private final String TAG = "TestService2";
    private int count;
    private boolean quit;

    //定义onBinder方法所返回的对象
    private MyBinder binder = new MyBinder();
    public class MyBinder extends Binder {
        public int getCount() {
            return count;
        }
    }

    //必须实现的方法,绑定改Service时回调该方法
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onBind方法被调用!");
        return binder;
    }

    //Service被创建时回调
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate方法被调用!");
        //创建一个线程动态地修改count的值
        new Thread() {
            public void run() {
                while(!quit) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    count++;
                }
            };
        }.start();

    }

    //Service断开连接时回调
    @Override
    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onUnbind方法被调用!");
        return true;
    }

    //Service被关闭前回调
    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        this.quit = true;
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroyed方法被调用!");
    }

    @Override
    public void onRebind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onRebind方法被调用!");
        super.onRebind(intent);
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

        <service android:name=".TestService2"
                 android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE2"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="150dp"
        android:id="@+id/btnbind"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="锁定Service" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/btncancel"
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="解除锁定" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/btnstatus"
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="获取Service状态" />

</LinearLayout>

Service进阶

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test2;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Intent it1 = new Intent("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE3");
        it1.setPackage(getPackageName());
        Bundle b1 = new Bundle();
        b1.putString("param", "s1");
        it1.putExtras(b1);

        Intent it2 = new Intent("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE3");
        it2.setPackage(getPackageName());
        Bundle b2 = new Bundle();
        b2.putString("param", "s2");
        it2.putExtras(b2);

        Intent it3 = new Intent("com.example.test2.TEST_SERVICE3");
        it3.setPackage(getPackageName());
        Bundle b3 = new Bundle();
        b3.putString("param", "s3");
        it3.putExtras(b3);

        //接着启动多次IntentService,每次启动,都会新建一个工作线程
        //但始终只有一个IntentService实例
        startService(it1);
        startService(it2);
        startService(it3);
    }
}

TestService3.java

package com.example.test2;

import android.app.IntentService;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

public class TestService3 extends IntentService {
    private final String TAG = "TestService3";
    //必须实现父类的构造方法
    public TestService3() {
        super("TestService3");
    }

    //必须重写的核心方法
    @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
        //Intent是从Activity发过来的，携带识别参数，根据参数不同执行不同的任务
        String action = intent.getExtras().getString("param");
        if(action.equals("s1"))Log.i(TAG,"启动service1");
        else if(action.equals("s2"))Log.i(TAG,"启动service2");
        else if(action.equals("s3"))Log.i(TAG,"启动service3");

        //让服务休眠2秒
        try{
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }catch(InterruptedException e){e.printStackTrace();}
    }

    //重写其他方法,用于查看方法的调用顺序
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(TAG,"onBind");
        return super.onBind(intent);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        Log.i(TAG,"onCreate");
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.i(TAG,"onStartCommand");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }


    @Override
    public void setIntentRedelivery(boolean enabled) {
        super.setIntentRedelivery(enabled);
        Log.i(TAG,"setIntentRedelivery");
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        Log.i(TAG,"onDestroy");
        super.onDestroy();
    }
}

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