Android Ant打包

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已于 2023-03-24 16:26:29 修改

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分类专栏： Android 应用文章标签： android Ant

于 2019-12-02 10:48:47 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chennai1101/article/details/103344782

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1. 编译环境的配置

android和java的编译环境和ant工具的安装是必不可少的环节。

1.1 配置文件ant.properties

为了在不同的环境下能够顺利地进行编译，需要进行额外的配置，在项目目录下创建配置文件ant.properties。
首先是android编译工具的选择。我们预留了sdk.dir这个变量是为了不同环境的编译，而${exe}和${bat}同样也是如此。也要用java.dir这个变量。

# android platform
sdk.platform=${sdk.dir}/platforms/android-19
sdk.framework.jar=${sdk.platform}/android.jar
sdk.framework.aidl=${sdk.platform}/framework.aidl

# android build tools aapt/aidl/zipalign
sdk.build.tools=${sdk.dir}/build-tools/19.1.0
sdk.build.tools.aapt=${sdk.build.tools}/aapt${exe}
sdk.build.tools.aidl=${sdk.build.tools}/aidl${exe}
sdk.build.tools.zipalign=${sdk.build.tools}/zipalign${exe}
sdk.build.tools.dx=${sdk.build.tools}/dx${bat}

sdk.tool.lib=${sdk.dir}/tools/lib
java.tool.jarsigner=${java.dir}/bin/jarsigner${exe}

其次是编译过程中目录和过程文件

# workspace directory
asset.dir=assets
src.dir=src
gen.dir=gen
res.dir=res
bin.dir=bin
lib.dir=libs
proguard.home=${sdk.dir}/tools/proguard
proguard.dir=proguard
proguard.mapping=${proguard.dir}/mapping.txt
bin.classes.dir=${bin.dir}/classes
bin.classes.dex=${bin.dir}/classes.dex
package.resource=${bin.dir}/resources.ap_
project.unsigned.apk=${bin.dir}/unsigned.apk
project.signed.apk=${bin.dir}/signed.apk

最后是keystore文件

# keystore
key.keystore=demo.keystore
key.keystore.storepass=123456
key.keystore.keypass=123456
key.keystore.alias=demo

1.2 配置文件proguard-project.txt

主要是自定义混淆文件

-dontpreverify              #混淆时是否做预校验
-optimizationpasses 5       #指定代码的压缩级别 
-dontoptimize               #不优化输入的类文件
-dontusemixedcaseclassnames #混淆时不会产生形形色色的类名
-repackageclasses           #把执行后的类重新放在某一个目录下，后跟一个目录名
-allowaccessmodification    #优化时允许访问并修改有修饰符的类和类的成员

-verbose                               #混淆时是否记录日志
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses       #指定不去忽略非公共的库类
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclassmembers  #指定不去忽略包可见的库类的成员

-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!field/*,!class/merging/*   # 混淆时所采用的算法

-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity
-keep public class * extends android.app.Application
-keep public class * extends android.app.Service
-keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver
-keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider
-keep public class * extends android.app.backup.BackupAgentHelper
-keep public class * extends android.preference.Preference
-keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService

-libraryjars libs/android-support-v4.jar
-keep class android.support.v4.** { *; }  
-keep interface android.support.v4.app.** { *; }

#某些构造方法不能去混淆
-keep class * extends android.view.View {
    public <init>(android.content.Context);
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);  
}

2. build.xml文件

初始化环境，定义android、java目录，导入配置文件，清空bin/gen/proguard目录

<property environment="env" />

<condition property="exe" value=".exe" else="">
    <os family="windows" />
</condition>
<condition property="bat" value=".bat" else="">
    <os family="windows" />
</condition>

<condition property="sdk.dir" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}">
    <isset property="env.ANDROID_HOME" />
</condition>
<fail
    message="sdk.dir is missing."
    unless="sdk.dir" />

<condition property="java.dir" value="${env.JAVA_HOME}">
    <isset property="env.JAVA_HOME" />
</condition>

<loadproperties srcFile="ant.properties" />
<loadproperties srcFile="project.properties" />

<target name="init">
    <echo>${bin.dir}</echo>
    <echo>${gen.dir}</echo>
    <echo>${proguard.dir}</echo>

    <delete dir="${bin.dir}" />
    <delete dir="${gen.dir}" />
    <delete dir="${proguard.dir}" />

    <mkdir dir="${bin.dir}" />
    <mkdir dir="${gen.dir}" />
    <mkdir dir="${proguard.dir}" />
</target>

生成R.java和aidl文件

<target name="gen-R" depends="init">
    <echo> === gen-R begin == </echo>
    <exec executable="${sdk.build.tools.aapt}" failοnerrοr="true">  
        <arg value="package" /> 
        <arg value="-f" /> 	<!-- force overwrite of existing files -->
        <arg value="-m" /> 	<!-- make package directories under location specified by -J -->  
        <arg value="-J" />  <!-- specify where to output R.java resource constant definitions -->
        <arg value="${gen.dir}" />  
        <arg value="-S" />  <!-- directory in which to find resources. Multiple directories will be scann -->
        <arg value="${res.dir}" />  
        <arg value="-I" />  <!-- add an existing package to base include set -->
        <arg value="${sdk.framework.jar}" />
        <arg value="-M" />  <!-- specify full path to AndroidManifest.xml to include in zip -->
        <arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />  
        <arg value="--auto-add-overlay" /> <!-- 这个重要，覆盖资源，不然报错-->
    </exec>
    <echo> === gen-R end == </echo>
</target>

<target name="aidl" depends="init">
    <echo> === aidl begin == </echo>		
    <apply executable="${sdk.build.tools.aidl}" failοnerrοr="true">  
        <arg value="-p${sdk.framework.aidl}" />  <!--  file created by preprocess to import. -->
        <arg value="-I${src.dir}" />  	<!-- search path for import statements. -->
        <arg value="-o${gen.dir}" /> 	<!-- base output folder for generated files -->
        <fileset dir="${src.dir}">
            <include name="**/*.aidl" />  
        </fileset>  
    </apply>
    <echo> === aidl end == </echo>
</target>

编译Java文件

<target name="compile" depends="gen-R,aidl">
    <echo> === compile begin == </echo>

   <delete dir="${bin.classes.dir}" />
    <mkdir dir="${bin.classes.dir}" />

    <javac encoding="UTF-8" destdir="${bin.classes.dir}"
        srcdir="${src.dir}:${gen.dir}"
        bootclasspath="${sdk.framework.jar}" 
        includeantruntime="false"
        target="1.6" source="1.6"> 
        <compilerarg line="-encoding UTF-8 " />
        <classpath>
            <fileset dir="${lib.dir}" includes="*.jar" />
        </classpath>
    </javac>

    <echo> === compile end == </echo>
</target>

混淆代码，这步可以省略

<target name="optimize" depends="compile">
    <jar basedir="${bin.classes.dir}" destfile="temp.jar" />
    <java fork="true" jar="${proguard.home}/lib/proguard.jar" failοnerrοr="true">
        <jvmarg value="-Dmaximum.inlined.code.length=32" />

        <arg value="-injars temp.jar" />
        <arg value="-outjars optimized.jar" />            
        <arg value="-printmapping ${proguard.mapping}"/>
        <arg value="-libraryjars ${sdk.framework.jar}" />            
        <arg value="-dontpreverify" />
        <arg value="-dontoptimize" />
        <arg value="-dontusemixedcaseclassnames" />

        <arg value="-allowaccessmodification" />
        <arg value="@proguard-project.txt"/>  
    </java>

    <delete file="temp.jar" />
    <delete dir="${bin.classes.dir}" />
    <mkdir dir="${bin.classes.dir}" />

    <unzip dest="${bin.classes.dir}" src="optimized.jar" />
    <delete file="optimized.jar" />
</target>

生成dex文件

<target name="dex" depends="optimize">
     <echo> === dex begin == </echo>				
     <exec executable="${sdk.build.tools.dx}" failοnerrοr="true">  
        <arg value="--dex" />  
        <arg value="--output=${bin.classes.dex}" /> <!-- 输出文件 -->    
        <arg value="${bin.classes.dir}" />
        <arg value="${lib.dir}" />
    </exec>
    <echo> === dex end == </echo>
</target>

resource文件打包

<target name="package-assets-res-manifest">
    <echo> === package-assets-res-manifest begin == </echo>
    <exec executable="${sdk.build.tools.aapt}" failοnerrοr="true">
        <arg value="package" /> 
        <arg value="-f" />  <!-- Adds the file to the application package. -->
        <arg value="-S" />	
        <arg value="${res.dir}" />
        <arg value="-A" />  
        <arg value="${asset.dir}" />  
        <arg value="-I" />
        <arg value="${sdk.framework.jar}" />
        <arg value="-M" />
        <arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />
        <arg value="-F" />
        <arg value="${package.resource}" />
    </exec>
    <echo> === package-assets-res-manifest end == </echo>
</target>

生成未签名apk文件

<target name="build" depends="dex,package-assets-res-manifest">
    <echo> === build start == </echo>
    <java classpath="${sdk.tool.lib}/sdklib.jar"
     classname="com.android.sdklib.build.ApkBuilderMain">
        <arg value="${project.unsigned.apk}" />
        <arg value="-v" /> <!-- Verbose. -->
        <arg value="-u" /> <!-- Creates an unsigned package. -->
        <arg value="-z" /> <!-- Adds the zip archive content of the application package. -->
        <arg value="${package.resource}" />
        <arg value="-f" />	<!-- Adds the file to the application package. -->
        <arg value="${bin.classes.dex}" />
        <arg value="-rf" />
        <arg value="${src.dir}" /> <!-- Adds the java resources found in that folder to the application package -->
        <arg value="-nf" />
        <arg value="${lib.dir}" />
        <arg value="-rj" /> <!-- Adds the java resources found in the jar file(s) to the application package. -->
        <arg value="${lib.dir}" />
    </java>
    <echo> === build end == </echo>
</target>

加签名和优化apk文件

<target name="jarsigner" depends="build">
    <echo> === jarsigner start == </echo>
    <exec executable="${java.tool.jarsigner}" failοnerrοr="true">
        <arg value="-keystore" />
        <arg value="${key.keystore}" />
        <arg value="-storepass" />
        <arg value="${key.keystore.storepass}" />
        <arg value="-keypass" />
        <arg value="${key.keystore.keypass}" />
        <arg value="-digestalg" />
        <arg value="SHA1" /> 
        <arg value="-sigalg" /> 
        <arg value="MD5withRSA" />
        <arg value="-signedjar" />
        <arg value="${project.signed.apk}" />
        <arg value="${project.unsigned.apk}" />
        <arg value="${key.keystore.alias}" />
    </exec>
    <delete file="${project.unsigned.apk}" />
    <echo> === jarsigner end == </echo>
</target>

<tstamp>
    <format property="now" pattern="yyyyMMdd-HHmmss" offset="0" unit="hour"/>
</tstamp>
<target name="zipalign" depends="jarsigner">
    <echo> === zipalign start == </echo>
    <exec executable="${sdk.build.tools.zipalign}">
        <arg value="-v" />
        <arg value="4" />
        <arg value="${project.signed.apk}" />
        <arg value="${ant.project.name}-${version.name}-${apk.mark}-${now}.apk" />
    </exec>
    <delete file="${project.signed.apk}" />
    <echo> === zipalign end == </echo>
</target>

3. 多渠道打包

在AndroidManifest.xml文件中会有以下配置，来表明使用哪种渠道

<meta-data android:value="xx" android:name="UMENG_CHANNEL"/>

在打包时，可以替代value的值。设置变量channel.extension。

<property name="channel.extension" value="demo" />

在init中加入以下内容，

<replaceregexp flags="g" byline="true" encoding="UTF-8">
    <regexp pattern="android:value="(.*)" android:name="UMENG_CHANNEL"" />  
    <substitution expression="android:value="${channel.extension}" android:name="UMENG_CHANNEL"" />  
    <fileset dir="" includes="AndroidManifest.xml" />
</replaceregexp>

多渠道，使用foreach功能，需要添加ant-contrib.jar文件。

<condition property="ant.home" value="${env.ANT_HOME}">
    <isset property="env.ANT_HOME" />
</condition>
<property name="ant-contrib.jar" >
    <classpath>
        <pathelement location="${ant.home}/lib/ant-contrib-0.6.jar"/>
    </classpath>
</property>
<taskdef resource="net/sf/antcontrib/antcontrib.properties" classpath="${ant-contrib.jar}" />

<target name="channel">
    <propertyregex override="true" property="channel.extension" input="${channel.name}" regexp="(.*)" select="\1" />
    <antcall target="zipalign" />
</target>

<target name="multi.channel">
    <foreach list="TX,XM" target="channel" param="channel.name" delimiter="," />
</target>