第一种:饿汉式
public class EagerSingleton {
private static EagerSingleton instance = new EagerSingleton();
private EagerSingleton(){};
public static EagerSingleton getInstance(){
return instance;
}
}
第二种:懒汉式同步整个getInstance
public class ThreadSafeSingelton{
//variables and constructors...
//多线程并发时效率低下
public static synchronized ThreadSafeSingelton getInstance(){
if(instance == null){
instance = new ThreadSafeSingelton();
}
retrun instance;
}
}
第三种:Doublle-Check Locking
public class DoublleCheckSingleton{
private volatile static DoublleCheckSingleton instance = null;
//constructors
public static DoublleCheckSingleton getInstance(){
if(instance = null){//check if it is created
synchronized ( DoublleCheckSingleton.class) {
//synchronize creation block
if(instance ==null) //double check if it is created
instance = new DoublleCheckSingleton();
}
}
retrun instance;
}
}
Volatile修饰的成员变量在每次被线程访问时,都强迫从共享内存中重读该成员变量的值。而且,当成员变量发生变化时,强迫线程将变化值回写到共享内存。这样在任何时刻,两个不同的线程总是看到某个成员变量的同一个值。
第四种:内部类 Initialization on demand holder
public class LazyLoadedSingleton{
private LazyLoadedSingleton (){
}
private static class LazyHolder { //holds the singleton class
private static final LazyLoadedSingleton singletonInstance = new LazyLoadedSingleton();
}
public static LazyLoadedSingleton getInstance() {
return LazyHolder.singletonInstance;
}
}
****防止反序列化
public class SerialibleSingleton implements Serialible {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -609961712631545485L;
static SerialibleSingleton singleton = new SerialibleSingleton();
private SerialibleSingleton(){}
private Object readResole(){
return singleton;
}
}
第五种:枚举单例模式
public enum Sington{
INSTANCE;
public void singletonOpr(){
// some opertions
}
}