注释转换

注释转换的功能：

可将注释方式总结为7中：

//1.一般情况
/* int i = 0; */


//2.换行问题
/* int i = 0; */ int j = 0;
/* int i = 0; */
int j = 0;


//3.匹配问题
/* int i = 0; /*xxxxxxx*/


//4.多行注释问题
/*
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int k = 0;
*/int k = 0;


//5.连续注释问题
/**/ /**/


//6.连续**/问题
/***/


//7.c++注释问题
// /*xxxxxxxx*/

解题思路：把问题用有限状态机解决

代码如下：

//CommentConvert.h

#ifndef __COMMENTCOVERT_H__
#define __COMMENTCOVERT_H__

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<windows.h>
#define INPUT_FILE "input.c"
#define OUTPUT_FILE "output.c"
enum STATE
{
	NUL_STATE,
	C_STATE,
	CPP_STATE,
	STR_STATE,
	END_STATE
	
};

void commentconvert(FILE *pfRead,FILE *pfWrite);
void DO_NUL_STATE(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite);
void DO_C_STATE(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite);
void DO_CPP_STATE(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite);
void DO_STR_STATE(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite);

#endif //__COMMENTCOVERT_H__

//CommentConvert.c

#include "CommentConvert.h"

enum STATE state = NUL_STATE;
void commentconvert(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite)
{
	while (state != END_STATE)
	{
		switch (state)
		{
		case NUL_STATE:
			DO_NUL_STATE(pfRead, pfWrite);
			break;
		case C_STATE:
			DO_C_STATE(pfRead, pfWrite);
			break;
		case CPP_STATE:
			DO_CPP_STATE(pfRead, pfWrite);
			break;
		case STR_STATE:
			DO_STR_STATE(pfRead, pfWrite);
			break;
		case END_STATE:
			break;
		}
	}
}

void DO_NUL_STATE(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite)
{
	int first = 0;
	int second = 0;
	first = fgetc(pfRead);
	switch (first)
	{
	case '/':
		second = fgetc(pfRead);
		if (second == '/')
		{
			fputc('/', pfWrite);
			fputc('/', pfWrite);
			state = CPP_STATE;//无状态下遇到 //, 直接将 // 写入，并进入CPP状态
		}
		else if (second == '*')
		{
			fputc(first,pfWrite);
			fputc('/', pfWrite);
			state = C_STATE;//无状态下遇到 /* ,将 /* 变成 // 写入，并进入C状态
		}
		else
		{
			fputc(first, pfWrite);
			fputc(second, pfWrite);//遇到其他的字符，直接写入，不改变状态
		}
		break;
	case EOF:
		state = END_STATE;//遇到 EOF ，进入结束状态
		break;
	case '"':
		fputc(first, pfWrite);
		state = STR_STATE;//如果遇到 ”，进入字符串状态
		break;
	default:
		fputc(first, pfWrite);
		break;
	}
}

void DO_C_STATE(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite)
{
	int first = 0;
	int second = 0;
	int third = 0;
	first = fgetc(pfRead);
	switch (first)
	{
	case '*':
		second = fgetc(pfRead);
		if (second == '/')//遇到 */ ，表示c的注释结束，进入无状态
		{
			state = NUL_STATE;
			third = fgetc(pfRead);
			if (third != '\n')
			{
				fputc('\n', pfWrite);//如果 */ 后面不是回车，则写入回车，然后把读到的字符放回
				ungetc(third, pfRead);
			}
			else
			{
				ungetc(third, pfRead);//如果 */ 后面是回车，把回车放回
			}
		}
		else //.......
		{
			fputc(first, pfWrite);
			ungetc(second, pfRead);
		}
		break;
	case '\n':
		fputc(first, pfWrite);
		fputc('/', pfWrite);
		fputc('/', pfWrite);
		break;
	default:
		fputc(first, pfWrite);
		break;
	}
}
void DO_CPP_STATE(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite)
{
	int first = 0;
	int second = 0;
	first = fgetc(pfRead);
	switch (first)
	{
	case '\n':
		fputc(first, pfWrite);//CPP状态，遇到回车，则进入无状态
		state = NUL_STATE;
		break;
	default:
		if (first == EOF)
		{
			state = END_STATE;
		}
		else
		{
			fputc(first, pfWrite);
		}
		break;
	}
}
void DO_STR_STATE(FILE *pfRead, FILE *pfWrite)
{
	int first = 0;
	first = fgetc(pfRead);
	switch (first)
	{
	case '"':
		fputc(first, pfWrite);
		state = NUL_STATE;
		break;
	default:
		fputc(first, pfWrite);
		break;
	}
}

//test.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"CommentConvert.h"
int main()
{
	FILE *pfRead = NULL;
	FILE *pfWrite = NULL;

	pfRead = fopen(INPUT_FILE, "r");
	if (pfRead == NULL)
	{
		perror("open file for read");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	pfWrite = fopen(OUTPUT_FILE, "w");
	if (pfWrite == NULL)
	{
		perror("open file for write");
		fclose(pfRead);
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	commentconvert(pfRead, pfWrite);
	fclose(pfRead);
	fclose(pfWrite);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}