python中numpy.moveaxis以及numpy.expand_dims的用法介绍

1. numpy. moveaxis ( a,  source,  destination ) [source]

Move axes of an array to new positions.

Other axes remain in their original order.

New in version 1.11.0.

Parameters:	a : np.ndarray The array whose axes should be reordered. source : int or sequence of int Original positions of the axes to move. These must be unique. destination : int or sequence of int Destination positions for each of the original axes. These must also be unique.
Returns:	result : np.ndarray Array with moved axes. This array is a view of the input array.

See also

transpose

Permute the dimensions of an array.

swapaxes

Interchange two axes of an array.

Examples

>>> x = np.zeros((3, 4, 5))
>>> np.moveaxis(x, 0, -1).shape
(4, 5, 3)
>>> np.moveaxis(x, -1, 0).shape
(5, 3, 4)

These all achieve the same result:

>>> np.transpose(x).shape
(5, 4, 3)
>>> np.swapaxes(x, 0, -1).shape
(5, 4, 3)
>>> np.moveaxis(x, [0, 1], [-1, -2]).shape
(5, 4, 3)
>>> np.moveaxis(x, [0, 1, 2], [-1, -2, -3]).shape
(5, 4, 3)

2.expand_dims(a, axis)

就是在axis的那一个轴上把数据加上去，这个数据在axis这个轴的0位置。 

例如原本为一维的2个数据，axis=0，则shape变为(1,2),axis=1则shape变为(2,1) 

再例如 原本为 (2,3),axis=0，则shape变为(1,2,3),axis=1则shape变为(2,1,3)

numpy. expand_dims ( a,  axis ) [source]

Expand the shape of an array.

Insert a new axis that will appear at the axis position in the expanded array shape.

Note

Previous to NumPy 1.13.0, neither axis < -a.ndim - 1 nor axis > a.ndim raised errors or put the new axis where documented. Those axis values are now deprecated and will raise an AxisError in the future.

Parameters:	a : array_like Input array. axis : int Position in the expanded axes where the new axis is placed.
Returns:	res : ndarray Output array. The number of dimensions is one greater than that of the input array.

See also

squeeze

The inverse operation, removing singleton dimensions

reshape

Insert, remove, and combine dimensions, and resize existing ones

doc.indexing, atleast_1d, atleast_2d, atleast_3d

Examples

>>> x = np.array([1,2])
>>> x.shape
(2,)

The following is equivalent to x[np.newaxis,:] or x[np.newaxis]:

>>> y = np.expand_dims(x, axis=0)
>>> y
array([[1, 2]])
>>> y.shape
(1, 2)

>>> y = np.expand_dims(x, axis=1)  # Equivalent to x[:,np.newaxis]
>>> y
array([[1],
       [2]])
>>> y.shape
(2, 1)

Note that some examples may use None instead of np.newaxis. These are the same objects:

>>> np.newaxis is None
True