1. 实现Callable接口,需要返回值类型;
2. 重写call方法,需要抛出异常;
3. 创建目标对象;
4. 创建执行服务:ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
5. 提交执行:Future<Boolean>result1 = ser.submit(t1);
6. 获取结果:boolean r1 = result1.get();
7. 关闭服务:ser.shutdownNow();
案例演示:重写图片下载,代码如下:
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
//线程创建方式三:实现Callable接口
public class TestCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {
private String url; //网络图片地址
private String name; //保存的文件名
//写一个构造器
public TestCallable(String url,String name){
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
//下载图片线程的执行体
@Override
public Boolean call() {
WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
System.out.println("下载了文件名为:"+name);
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
TestCallable t1 = new TestCallable("https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=2230201372,1030641054&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=1734","1.jpg");
TestCallable t2 = new TestCallable("https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=2230201372,1030641054&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=1734","2.jpg");
TestCallable t3 = new TestCallable("https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=2230201372,1030641054&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=1734","3.jpg");
//创建执行服务
ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3); //3个线程3个池子
//提交执行
Future<Boolean> r1 = ser.submit(t1);
Future<Boolean> r2 = ser.submit(t2);
Future<Boolean> r3 = ser.submit(t3);
//获取结果
boolean rs1 = r1.get(); //需要抛出异常,alt + 回车 快捷键
boolean rs2 = r2.get();
boolean rs3 = r3.get();
//关闭服务
ser.shutdownNow();
}
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
//下载方法
public void downloader(String url,String name){
try {
FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("IO异常,downloader方法出现问题");
}
}
}
Callable好处:
1. 可以定义返回值;
2. 可以抛出异常。