Java多线程——实现Callable接口

1. 实现Callable接口，需要返回值类型；

2. 重写call方法，需要抛出异常；

3. 创建目标对象；

4. 创建执行服务：ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);

5. 提交执行：Future<Boolean>result1 = ser.submit(t1);

6. 获取结果：boolean r1 = result1.get();

7. 关闭服务：ser.shutdownNow();

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案例演示：重写图片下载，代码如下：

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

//线程创建方式三：实现Callable接口
public class TestCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {

    private String url;  //网络图片地址
    private String name;  //保存的文件名

    //写一个构造器
    public TestCallable(String url,String name){
        this.url = url;
        this.name = name;
    }

    //下载图片线程的执行体
    @Override
    public Boolean call() {
        WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
        System.out.println("下载了文件名为："+name);
        return true;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        TestCallable t1 = new TestCallable("https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=2230201372,1030641054&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=1734","1.jpg");
        TestCallable t2 = new TestCallable("https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=2230201372,1030641054&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=1734","2.jpg");
        TestCallable t3 = new TestCallable("https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=2230201372,1030641054&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=1734","3.jpg");

        //创建执行服务
        ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);  //3个线程3个池子
        //提交执行
        Future<Boolean> r1 = ser.submit(t1);
        Future<Boolean> r2 = ser.submit(t2);
        Future<Boolean> r3 = ser.submit(t3);
        //获取结果
        boolean rs1 = r1.get();  //需要抛出异常，alt + 回车  快捷键
        boolean rs2 = r2.get();
        boolean rs3 = r3.get();
        //关闭服务
        ser.shutdownNow();
    }
}

//下载器
class WebDownloader{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url,String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常，downloader方法出现问题");
        }
    }
}

Callable好处：

1. 可以定义返回值；

2. 可以抛出异常。