multimap学习之插入数据操作insert，emplace ，emplace_hint

本篇学习multimap插入数据相关的操作，具体的操作函数如下

insert	插入元素或结点 (C++17 起) (公开成员函数)
emplace (C++11)	原位构造元素 (公开成员函数)
emplace_hint (C++11)	使用提示原位构造元素 (公开成员函数)

#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <time.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void insertOperator()
{
    multimap<int, string> multimap1;
    //1.insert 插入元素或结点
    multimap1.insert({1, "hello"});
    auto map1it = multimap1.begin();
    multimap1.insert(map1it, {7, "333333"});
    multimap1.insert(pair<int, string>(3, "scott"));
    multimap1.insert(pair(2, "C++17 wirte"));//C++17 的写法s
    multimap1.insert({1, "world"});

    cout << "multimap1.size = " << multimap1.size() << " multimap1.max_size = " << multimap1.max_size() << endl;
    auto iter1 = multimap1.begin();
    cout << "multimap1 of value: " << endl;
    while (iter1 != multimap1.end())
    {
        cout << iter1->first << ": " << iter1->second << endl;
        iter1++;
    }
    //2..emplace原位构造元素
    multimap<int, string> multimap2;
    multimap2.emplace(11, "emplace aaaaa");
    multimap2.emplace(11, "emplace bbbbb");
    multimap2.emplace(pair(12, "emplace ccccc"));
    auto pair1 = multimap2.emplace(pair{13, "emplace ddddd"});
    //返回一个pair<iterator, bool>
    cout << "iterator->first:" << pair1->first << " second: " << pair1->second << endl;
    cout << "map2.size = " << multimap2.size() << " multimap2.max_size = " << multimap2.max_size() << endl;
    auto map2it = multimap2.begin();
    while(map2it != multimap2.end())
    {
        cout << map2it->first << ": " << map2it->second << endl;
        ++map2it;
    }
    cout << "---------------------------------" << endl;
    //3.emplace_hint使用提示原位构造元素
    multimap<int, string> multimap3;
    auto map3it = multimap3.begin();
    //返回一个迭代器
    auto map3Hint1 = multimap3.emplace_hint(map3it, 23, "emplace_hint aaaaa");
    multimap3.emplace_hint(map3it, 21, "emplace_hint bbbbbb");
    auto map3Hint2 = multimap3.emplace_hint(map3it, 21, "emplace_hint cccccc");

    multimap<int, string>::iterator map3it2 = multimap3.begin();
    while(map3it2 != multimap3.end())
    {
        cout << map3it2->first << ": " << map3it2->second << endl;
        ++map3it2;
    }
    cout << "emplace_hint1 " << map3Hint1->first << ": " << map3Hint1->second << endl;
    cout << "emplace_hint2 " << map3Hint2->first << ": " << map3Hint2->second << endl;

    //插入时间对比
    int count = 1000000;

    multimap<int, string> multimap4;
    double startTime1 = clock();//1计算开始
    for(int i = 0; i < count; i++)//214748
    {
        multimap4.emplace(pair{i, "hello"});
    }
    double endTime1 = clock();//1时间结束
    multimap4.clear();
    cout << "for    1 run time is: " << (double)(endTime1 - startTime1) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
    cout << endl;

    multimap<int, string> multimap5;
    double startTime2 = clock();//1计算开始
    for(int i = 0; i < count; i++)//214748
    {
        multimap5.insert(pair{i, "hello"});
    }
    double endTime2 = clock();//1时间结束
    multimap5.clear();
    cout << "for    2 run time is: " << (double)(endTime2 - startTime2) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
    cout << endl;

}

int main()
{

    insertOperator();

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

 

参考：

https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/multimap