http://blog.csdn.net/jiangxinyu/article/details/7754573
- //这是2个线程模拟卖火车票的小程序
- #include <windows.h>
- #include <iostream.h>
- DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter);//thread data
- DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc(LPVOID lpParameter);//thread data
- int index=0;
- int tickets=10;
- HANDLE hMutex;
- void main()
- {
- HANDLE hThread1;
- HANDLE hThread2;
- //创建线程
- hThread1=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun1Proc,NULL,0,NULL);
- hThread2=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun2Proc,NULL,0,NULL);
- CloseHandle(hThread1);
- CloseHandle(hThread2);
- //创建互斥对象
- hMutex=CreateMutex(NULL,TRUE,"tickets");
- if (hMutex)
- {
- if (ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS==GetLastError())
- {
- cout<<"only one instance can run!"<<endl;
- return;
- }
- }
- WaitForSingleObject(hMutex,INFINITE);
- ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
- ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
- Sleep(4000);
- }
- //线程1的入口函数
- DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter)//thread data
- {
- while (true)
- {
- ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
- WaitForSingleObject(hMutex,INFINITE);
- if (tickets>0)
- {
- Sleep(1);
- cout<<"thread1 sell ticket :"<<tickets--<<endl;
- }
- else
- break;
- ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
- }
- return 0;
- }
- //线程2的入口函数
- DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc(LPVOID lpParameter)//thread data
- {
- while (true)
- {
- ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
- WaitForSingleObject(hMutex,INFINITE);
- if (tickets>0)
- {
- Sleep(1);
- cout<<"thread2 sell ticket :"<<tickets--<<endl;
- }
- else
- break;
- ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
- }
- return 0;
- }
- //上面的例子是基于互斥对象的,这个是基于事件对象的
- #include <windows.h>
- #include <iostream.h>
- DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter);//thread data
- DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc(LPVOID lpParameter);//thread data
- int tickets=100;
- HANDLE g_hEvent;
- void main()
- {
- HANDLE hThread1;
- HANDLE hThread2;
- //创建人工重置事件内核对象
- g_hEvent=CreateEvent(NULL,FALSE,FALSE,"tickets");
- if (g_hEvent)
- {
- if (ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS==GetLastError())
- {
- cout<<"only one instance can run!"<<endl;
- return;
- }
- }
- SetEvent(g_hEvent);
- //创建线程
- hThread1=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun1Proc,NULL,0,NULL);
- hThread2=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun2Proc,NULL,0,NULL);
- CloseHandle(hThread1);
- CloseHandle(hThread2);
- //让主线程睡眠4秒
- Sleep(4000);
- //关闭事件对象句柄
- CloseHandle(g_hEvent);
- }
- //线程1的入口函数
- DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter)//thread data
- {
- while (true)
- {
- WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent,INFINITE);
- //ResetEvent(g_hEvent);
- if (tickets>0)
- {
- Sleep(1);
- cout<<"thread1 sell ticket :"<<tickets--<<endl;
- SetEvent(g_hEvent);
- }
- else
- {
- SetEvent(g_hEvent);
- break;
- }
- }
- return 0;
- }
- //线程2的入口函数
- DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc(LPVOID lpParameter)//thread data
- {
- while (true)
- {
- //请求事件对象
- WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent,INFINITE);
- //ResetEvent(g_hEvent);
- if (tickets>0)
- {
- Sleep(1);
- cout<<"thread2 sell ticket :"<<tickets--<<endl;
- SetEvent(g_hEvent);
- }
- else
- {
- SetEvent(g_hEvent);
- break;
- }
- }
- return 0;
- }
准备知识:1,内核对象互斥体(Mutex)的工作机理,WaitForSingleObject函数的用法,这些可以从MSDN获取详情;2,当两个或 更多线程需要同时访问一个共享资源时,系统需要使用同步机制来确保一次只有一个线程使用该资源。Mutex 是同步基元,它只向一个线程授予对共享资源的独占访问权。如果一个线程获取了互斥体,则要获取该互斥体的第二个线程将被挂起,直到第一个线程释放该互斥体。
下边是我参考开源项目C++ Sockets的代码,写的线程锁类
Lock.h
#ifndef _Lock_H
#define _Lock_H
#include <windows.h>
//锁接口类
class
IMyLock
{
public
:
virtual
~IMyLock() {}
virtual
void
Lock()
const
= 0;
virtual
void
Unlock()
const
= 0;
};
//互斥对象锁类
class
Mutex :
public
IMyLock
{
public
:
Mutex();
~Mutex();
virtual
void
Lock()
const
;
virtual
void
Unlock()
const
;
private
:
HANDLE
m_mutex;
};
//锁
class
CLock
{
public
:
CLock(
const
IMyLock&);
~CLock();
private
:
const
IMyLock& m_lock;
};
#endif
|
Lock.cpp
#include "Lock.h"
//创建一个匿名互斥对象
Mutex::Mutex()
{
m_mutex = ::CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
}
//销毁互斥对象,释放资源
Mutex::~Mutex()
{
::CloseHandle(m_mutex);
}
//确保拥有互斥对象的线程对被保护资源的独自访问
void
Mutex::Lock()
const
{
DWORD
d = WaitForSingleObject(m_mutex, INFINITE);
}
//释放当前线程拥有的互斥对象,以使其它线程可以拥有互斥对象,对被保护资源进行访问
void
Mutex::Unlock()
const
{
::ReleaseMutex(m_mutex);
}
//利用C++特性,进行自动加锁
CLock::CLock(
const
IMyLock& m) : m_lock(m)
{
m_lock.Lock();
}
//利用C++特性,进行自动解锁
CLock::~CLock()
{
m_lock.Unlock();
}
|
下边是测试代码MyLock.cpp
// MyLock.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//
#include <iostream>
#include <process.h>
#include "Lock.h"
using
namespace
std;
//创建一个互斥对象
Mutex g_Lock;
//线程函数
unsigned
int
__stdcall StartThread(
void
*pParam)
{
char
*pMsg = (
char
*)pParam;
if
(!pMsg)
{
return
(unsigned
int
)1;
}
//对被保护资源(以下打印语句)自动加锁
//线程函数结束前,自动解锁
CLock lock(g_Lock);
for
(
int
i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
{
cout << pMsg << endl;
Sleep( 500 );
}
return
(unsigned
int
)0;
}
int
main(
int
argc,
char
* argv[])
{
HANDLE
hThread1, hThread2;
unsigned
int
uiThreadId1, uiThreadId2;
char
*pMsg1 =
"First print thread."
;
char
*pMsg2 =
"Second print thread."
;
//创建两个工作线程,分别打印不同的消息
//hThread1 = ::CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)StartThread, (void *)pMsg1, 0, (LPDWORD)&uiThreadId1);
//hThread2 = ::CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)StartThread, (void *)pMsg2, 0, (LPDWORD)&uiThreadId2);
hThread1 = (
HANDLE
)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, &StartThread, (
void
*)pMsg1, 0, &uiThreadId1);
hThread2 = (
HANDLE
)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, &StartThread, (
void
*)pMsg2, 0, &uiThreadId2);
//等待线程结束
DWORD
dwRet = WaitForSingleObject(hThread1,INFINITE);
if
( dwRet == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
{
TerminateThread(hThread1,0);
}
dwRet = WaitForSingleObject(hThread2,INFINITE);
if
( dwRet == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
{
TerminateThread(hThread2,0);
}
//关闭线程句柄,释放资源
::CloseHandle(hThread1);
::CloseHandle(hThread2);
system
(
"pause"
);
return
0;
}
一个实用的mutex类,可以直接应用与工程
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