class_getInstanceMethod和class_getClassMethod的区别

转载自：https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_25743639/article/details/51793764

 

今天在学习runtime的method_exchangeImplementations进行方法交换的时候,将class_getInstanceMethod方法误写成class_getClassMethod,结果发现方法交换失败,

找了好久发现在获取方法的时候写错了;

先简单介绍下这两个方法是干什么用的:

 

class_getInstanceMethod      得到类的实例方法

 

class_getClassMethod          得到类的类方法 

从官方文档中我们可以看到:

 

1. /**

2. * Returns a specified instance method for a given class.

3. *

4. * @param cls The class you want to inspect.

5. * @param name The selector of the method you want to retrieve.

6. *

7. * @return The method that corresponds to the implementation of the selector specified by

8. * \e name for the class specified by \e cls, or \c NULL if the specified class or its

9. * superclasses do not contain an instance method with the specified selector.

10. *

11. * @note This function searches superclasses for implementations, whereas \c class_copyMethodList does not.

12. */

13. OBJC_EXPORT Method class_getInstanceMethod(Class cls, SEL name)

14. __OSX_AVAILABLE_STARTING(__MAC_10_0, __IPHONE_2_0);

15.  

16. /**

17. * Returns a pointer to the data structure describing a given class method for a given class.

18. *

19. * @param cls A pointer to a class definition. Pass the class that contains the method you want to retrieve.

20. * @param name A pointer of type \c SEL. Pass the selector of the method you want to retrieve.

21. *

22. * @return A pointer to the \c Method data structure that corresponds to the implementation of the

23. * selector specified by aSelector for the class specified by aClass, or NULL if the specified

24. * class or its superclasses do not contain an instance method with the specified selector.

25. *

26. * @note Note that this function searches superclasses for implementations,

27. * whereas \c class_copyMethodList does not.

28. */

29. OBJC_EXPORT Method class_getClassMethod(Class cls, SEL name)

30. __OSX_AVAILABLE_STARTING(__MAC_10_0, __IPHONE_2_0);

好了废话不多说,上代码来说明一下:

 

DEMO:

测试所用的Person类:

 

1. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

2.  

3. @interface Person : NSObject

4.  

5. @property(nonatomic, assign) NSInteger age;

6. @property(nonatomic, copy) NSString * name;

7.  

8. +(Person *)sharedManager;

9.  

10. - (instancetype)init;

11.  

12. + (void) printDZ;

13.  

14. - (void) printDZL;

15.  

16. @end

17.  
18.  
19.  

20. #import "Person.h"

21.  

22. @interface Person ()

23.  

24. @property(nonatomic, strong) NSString * sex;

25.  

26. @end

27.  

28. @implementation Person

29.  
30.  

31. +(Person *)sharedManager

32. {

33.     static Person *sharedManager;

34.     static dispatch_once_t onceTest;

35.     dispatch_once(&onceTest, ^{

36.         sharedManager = [[Person alloc] init];

37.     });

38.     NSLog(@"+ method");

39.     return sharedManager;

40. }

41.  
42.  

43. - (instancetype)init

44. {

45.     self = [super init];

46.     if (self) {

47.         self = [super init];

48.         self.sex = @"-----------";

49.         self.age = 19;

50.         self.name = @"sb";

51.     }

52.     return self;

53. }

54.  

55. + (void)printDZ

56. {

57.     NSLog(@"this is a class method");

58. }

59.  

60. - (void)printDZL

61. {

62.     NSLog(@"this is a instance method");

63. }

64.  

65. @end

66.  
67.  

测试Demo:

 

 

1. - (void)viewDidLoad {

2. [super viewDidLoad];

3. // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

4.  

5. Person * p1 = [[Person alloc] init];

6.  

7. Method m1 = class_getInstanceMethod([p1 class], @selector(printDZL));

8. Method m2 = class_getClassMethod([Person class], @selector(printDZ));

9.     NSLog(@"测试前：");

10.     [p1 printDZL];

11.     [Person printDZ];

12.     method_exchangeImplementations(m1, m2);

13.     NSLog(@"测试后：");

14.     [p1 printDZL];

15.     [Person printDZ];

16.  

17. }

输出:

 

 

1. 2016-06-30 22:37:08.539 02-runtime[2776:69899] 测试前：

2. 2016-06-30 22:37:08.539 02-runtime[2776:69899] this is a instance method

3. 2016-06-30 22:37:08.539 02-runtime[2776:69899] this is a class method

4. 2016-06-30 22:37:08.540 02-runtime[2776:69899] 测试后：

5. 2016-06-30 22:37:08.540 02-runtime[2776:69899] this is a class method

6. 2016-06-30 22:37:08.540 02-runtime[2776:69899] this is a instance method

 

 

 

由输出可见，方法体交换了，说明class_getInstanceMethod成功得到了实例方法，class_getClassMethod成功得到了类方法

但是当用class_getInstanceMethod来取类方法，用class_getClassMethod来取实例方法时：

1. - (void)viewDidLoad {

2. [super viewDidLoad];

3. // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

4.  

5. Person * p1 = [[Person alloc] init];

6.  

7. // Method m1 = class_getInstanceMethod([p1 class], @selector(printDZL));

8. // Method m2 = class_getClassMethod([Person class], @selector(printDZ));

9. Method m1 = class_getInstanceMethod([Person class], @selector(printDZ));

10. Method m2 = class_getClassMethod([p1 class], @selector(printDZL));

11. NSLog(@"测试前：");

12. [p1 printDZL];

13. [Person printDZ];

14. method_exchangeImplementations(m1, m2);

15. NSLog(@"测试后：");

16. [p1 printDZL];

17. [Person printDZ];

18. }

输出:

 

1. 2016-06-30 22:38:10.050 02-runtime[2793:70426] 测试前：

2. 2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] this is a instance method

3. 2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] this is a class method

4. 2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] 测试后：

5. 2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] this is a instance method

6. 2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] this is a class method

由输出可见，没有发生交换，可知这样是取不到的