Android相机Camera基础

一、概述
本章节主要讲述的Android相机Camera的相关知识点，主要包含三个方面，Android启动系统相机生成缩略图、Android启动系统相机生成原图以及Android自定义相机等。

二、Android启动系统相机
核心代码：

package com.czhappy.camerademo.activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import com.czhappy.camerademo.R;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static int REQ_1 = 1;
    private static int REQ_2 = 2;
    private ImageView image_iv;

    private String mFilePath;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        image_iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image_iv);

        mFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
        mFilePath = mFilePath +"/" + System.currentTimeMillis()+".jpg";
    }

    public void startCamera1(View view){
        //隐式Intent调用
        Intent it = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        startActivityForResult(it, REQ_1);
    }

    public void startCamera2(View view){
        //隐式Intent调用
        Intent it = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        Uri photoUri = Uri.fromFile(new File(mFilePath));
        it.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoUri);
        startActivityForResult(it, REQ_2);
    }

    public void customCamera(View view){
        Intent it = new Intent(MainActivity.this, CustomCameraActivity.class);
        startActivity(it);
    }


    /**
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param resultCode
     * @param data //缩略图
     */
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if(resultCode == RESULT_OK){
            if(requestCode == REQ_1){//缩略图
                Bundle bundle = data.getExtras();
                Bitmap bmp = (Bitmap) bundle.get("data");
                image_iv.setImageBitmap(bmp);
            }else if(requestCode == REQ_2){//原图
                FileInputStream fis = null;
                try {
                    fis = new FileInputStream(mFilePath);
                    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis);
                    image_iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }finally {
                    try {
                        fis.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }

        }
    }
}

三、Android自定义相机
1.自定义相机步骤：

• 创建相机
• 创建SurfaceView
• 关联相机与SurfaceView
• 调整相机显示效果
• 自定义相机预览界面

2.核心代码：
自定义相机CustomCameraActivity.java

package com.czhappy.camerademo.activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.ImageFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;

import com.czhappy.camerademo.R;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Description:
 * User: chenzheng
 * Date: 2016/12/27 0027
 * Time: 13:43
 */
public class CustomCameraActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback{

    private SurfaceView mPreview;
    private Camera mCamera;
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Camera.PictureCallback mPictureCallback = new Camera.PictureCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
            File tempFile = new File("/sdcard/temp.png");
            try {
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(tempFile);
                fos.write(data);
                fos.close();
                Intent it = new Intent(CustomCameraActivity.this, CaptureResultActivity.class);
                it.putExtra("picPath", tempFile.getAbsolutePath());
                startActivity(it);
                finish();
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    };


    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_custom_camera);

        mPreview = (SurfaceView) this.findViewById(R.id.preview);
        mHolder = mPreview.getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        //点击自动对焦
        mPreview.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                mCamera.autoFocus(null);;

            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 拍照
     * @param view
     */
    public void capture(View view){
        Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters();
        parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);
        parameters.setPictureSize(800,400);
        parameters.setFocusMode(Camera.Parameters.FOCUS_MODE_AUTO);//自动对焦
        mCamera.autoFocus(new Camera.AutoFocusCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {
                //对焦准确拍摄照片
                if(success){
                    mCamera.takePicture(null, null, mPictureCallback);

                }
            }
        });


    }

    /**
     * 获取相机对象
     * @return
     */
    private Camera getCamera(){
        mCamera = Camera.open();
        return mCamera;

    }

    /**
     * 开始预览相机内容
     */
    private void setStartPreview(Camera camera, SurfaceHolder holder){
        try {
            camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
            camera.setDisplayOrientation(90);//设置相机预览为竖屏90度
            camera.startPreview();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 释放相机资源
     */
    private void releaseCamera(){
        if(mCamera!=null){
            mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null);
            mCamera.stopPreview();
            mCamera.release();
            mCamera = null;

        }


    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        if (mCamera==null){
            mCamera = getCamera();
            if(mHolder!=null){
                setStartPreview(mCamera, mHolder);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        releaseCamera();
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        setStartPreview(mCamera, mHolder);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
        mCamera.stopPreview();
        setStartPreview(mCamera, mHolder);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        releaseCamera();
    }
}

生成图片结果页面CaptureResultActivity.java

package com.czhappy.camerademo.activity;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import com.czhappy.camerademo.R;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

/**
 * Description:
 * User: chenzheng
 * Date: 2016/12/30 0030
 * Time: 13:27
 */
public class CaptureResultActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private String picPath;
    private ImageView result_iv;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_capture_result);

        picPath = getIntent().getStringExtra("picPath");
        result_iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.result_iv);
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(picPath);
            Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis);
            Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
            matrix.setRotate(90);//旋转90度矩阵
            bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true);
            result_iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

四、项目源代码下载

http://download.csdn.net/detail/chenzheng8975/9725645