【Android】日常记录：使用SurfaceView完成拍照功能的CameraActivity类

布局文件 camera_activity.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <SurfaceView
        android:id="@+id/mFirstSurfaceView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/btn_paizhao"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_marginRight="30dp"
        android:background="@mipmap/paizhao_button" />

</RelativeLayout>

CameraActivity类，可直接使用

public class CameraActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private CameraManager mCameraManager;
    private SurfaceView mSurfaceView;
    private SurfaceHolder mSurfaceViewHolder;
    private Handler mHandler;
    private String mCameraId;
    private ImageReader mImageReader;
    private CameraDevice mCameraDevice;
    private CaptureRequest.Builder mPreviewBuilder;
    private CameraCaptureSession mSession;
    private ImageButton take_picture_bt;
    private Handler mainHandler;

    private byte[] bytes; //图片

    String fileName = "默认名称.jpg";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.camera_activity);
        
        take_picture_bt = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btn_paizhao);

        initSurfaceView();//初始化SurfaceView

        /**
         * 拍照按钮监听
         */
        take_picture_bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                takePicture();
            }
        });

    }

    public void initSurfaceView() {
        mSurfaceView = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.mFirstSurfaceView);
        mSurfaceViewHolder = mSurfaceView.getHolder();//通过SurfaceViewHolder可以对SurfaceView进行管理
        mSurfaceViewHolder.addCallback(new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {
            @Override
            public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
                initCameraAndPreview();
            }

            @Override
            public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
                //释放camera
                if (mCameraDevice != null) {
                    mCameraDevice.close();
                    mCameraDevice = null;
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
            }
        });
    }

    public void initCameraAndPreview() {
        HandlerThread handlerThread = new HandlerThread("My First Camera2");
        handlerThread.start();
        mHandler = new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper());
        //用来处理ui线程的handler，即ui线程
        mainHandler = new Handler(getMainLooper());
        try {
            mCameraId = "" + CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING_FRONT;
            mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(mSurfaceView.getWidth(), mSurfaceView.getHeight(),  
            	ImageFormat.JPEG,/*maxImages*/7);
            //这里必须传入mainHandler，因为涉及到了Ui操作
            mImageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(mOnImageAvailableListener, mainHandler);
            mCameraManager = (CameraManager) this.getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE);
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != 
            	PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            		//按理说这里应该有一个申请权限的过程，但为了使程序尽可能最简化，所以先不添加
                	return;
            }
            mCameraManager.openCamera(mCameraId, deviceStateCallback, mHandler);
        } catch (CameraAccessException e) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "Error", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener mOnImageAvailableListener = 
    	new ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener() {
        	@Override
        	public void onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader) {
            	//进行相片存储
            	mCameraDevice.close();
            	Image image = reader.acquireNextImage();
            	ByteBuffer buffer = image.getPlanes()[0].getBuffer();
            	bytes = new byte[buffer.remaining()];
            	buffer.get(bytes);//将image对象转化为byte，再转化为bitmap
            	Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
          		//自定义转换成不同的格式来使用
          		//...省略代码
        }
    };

    private CameraDevice.StateCallback deviceStateCallback = new CameraDevice.StateCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onOpened(CameraDevice camera) {
            mCameraDevice = camera;
            try {
                takePreview();
            } catch (CameraAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onDisconnected(@NonNull CameraDevice camera) {
            if (mCameraDevice != null) {
                mCameraDevice.close();
                mCameraDevice = null;
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onError(CameraDevice camera, int error) {
            Toast.makeText(CameraActivity.this, "打开摄像头失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    };

    public void takePreview() throws CameraAccessException {
        mPreviewBuilder = mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
        mPreviewBuilder.addTarget(mSurfaceViewHolder.getSurface());
        mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(mSurfaceViewHolder.getSurface(), 
        	mImageReader.getSurface()), mSessionPreviewStateCallback, mHandler);
    }

    private CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback mSessionPreviewStateCallback = 
    	new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {
        	@Override
        	public void onConfigured(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session) {
            	mSession = session;
            	//配置完毕开始预览
            	try {
                	/**
                	 * 设置你需要配置的参数
                 	*/
                	//自动对焦
                	mPreviewBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, 
                		CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
                	//打开闪光灯
                	mPreviewBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE, 
                		CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_ON_AUTO_FLASH);
                	//无限次的重复获取图像
                	mSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewBuilder.build(), null, mHandler);
            	} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
                	e.printStackTrace();
            	}
        }

        @Override
        public void onConfigureFailed(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session) {
            Toast.makeText(CameraActivity.this, "配置失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    };

    private CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback mSessionCaptureCallback = 
    	new CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback() {
        	@Override
        	public void onCaptureCompleted(CameraCaptureSession session, 
        		CaptureRequest request, TotalCaptureResult result) {
            		mSession = session;
        }

        @Override
        public void onCaptureProgressed(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session, 
        	@NonNull CaptureRequest request, @NonNull CaptureResult partialResult) {
            	mSession = session;
        }

        @Override
        public void onCaptureFailed(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session, 
        	@NonNull CaptureRequest request, @NonNull CaptureFailure failure) {
            	super.onCaptureFailed(session, request, failure);
        }
    };

    public void takePicture() {
        try {
        //用来设置拍照请求的request
            CaptureRequest.Builder captureRequestBuilder = 
            	CameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_STILL_CAPTURE);
            captureRequestBuilder.addTarget(mImageReader.getSurface());
            // 自动对焦
            captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, 
            	CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
            // 自动曝光
            captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE, 
            	CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_ON_AUTO_FLASH);
//            int rotation = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation();
            CameraCharacteristics cameraCharacteristics = mCameraManager.getCameraCharacteristics(mCameraId);
            //使图片做顺时针旋转
//            captureRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.JPEG_ORIENTATION, 
//			  getJpegOrientation(cameraCharacteristics, rotation));
            CaptureRequest mCaptureRequest = captureRequestBuilder.build();
            mSession.capture(mCaptureRequest, null, mHandler);
        } catch (CameraAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}