调研 FlinkSql功能测试及实战演练

【调研】FlinkSql功能测试及实战演练

槐序i 2021-05-12 17:39:24 573 收藏
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FlinkSql功能测试及实战演练
前言:Flink在国内的占有率逐步提升的情况下,各项组件的功能与稳定性也得到逐步提升。为了解决目前已有的复杂需求,尝试研究flinksql的特性与功能,作为是否引入该组件的依据。同时尝试将现有需求通过简单demo的形式进行测试。本次测试主要集中在Kafka、mysql、Impala三个组件上,同时将结合官方文档进行:

https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/zh/
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1 前期准备
1.1 环境配置
本次研究测试需要用到以下组件:

CDH 6.3.2
Flink 1.12.2
mysql 5.7
impala 3.2.0-cdh6.3.2
kafka 2.2.1-cdh6.3.2
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1.2 依赖关系
本次测试会将FlinkSql与kafka、mysql、impala等组件进行conn,因此需要以下依赖包:

flink-connector-kafka_2.11-1.12.2.jar
flink-connector-jdbc_2.11-1.11.2.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.1.47.jar
ImpalaJDBC4.jar
ImpalaJDBC41.jar
flink-sql-connector-kafka_2.11-1.12.2.jar
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1.3 重启flink
将上述所需的jar包放入$FLINK_HOME/lib中之后(所有部署flink的服务器都需要放),重启yarn-session

yarn-session.sh --detached
sql-client.sh embedded
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2 FlinkSql-kafka测试
FlinkSql-kafka相关资料:

https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/zh/dev/table/connectors/kafka.html
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2.1 FlinkSql-kafka常规功能测试
通过FlinkSql将Kafka中的数据映射成一张表

2.1.1 创建常规topic
1、创建topic
kafka-topics --create --zookeeper 192.168.5.185:2181,192.168.5.165:2181,192.168.5.187:2181 --replication-factor 3 --partitions 3 --topic test01

2、模拟消费者
kafka-console-consumer --bootstrap-server 192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092 --topic test01 --from-beginning

3、模拟生产者
kafka-console-producer --broker-list 192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092 --topic test01

4、删除topic
kafka-topics --delete --topic test01 --zookeeper 192.168.5.185:2181,192.168.5.165:2181,192.168.5.187:2181
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2.1.2 FlinkSql建表
CREATE TABLE t1 (
name string,
age BIGINT,
isStu INT,
opt STRING,
optDate TIMESTAMP(3) METADATA FROM ‘timestamp’
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘kafka’, – 使用 kafka connector
‘topic’ = ‘test01’, – kafka topic
‘scan.startup.mode’ = ‘earliest-offset’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘format’ = ‘csv’ – 数据源格式为 csv,
);
select * from t1;
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2.1.3 写入数据
往kafka中写入数据,同时查看flinksql中t1表的变化

zhangsan,20,1,1
lisi,18,1,2
wangwu,30,2,2
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2.1.4 小结
通过kafka数据映射成表这个步骤,可以将数据实时的汇入表中,通过sql再进行后续操作,相对代码编写来说更为简易,同时有问题也相对好排查

2.2 FlinkSql-upsertKafka常规功能测试
upsert-kafka 连接器生产 changelog 流,其中每条数据记录代表一个更新或删除事件。

如果有key则update,没有key则insert,如果value的值为空,则表示删除

2.2.1 FlinkSql建upsert表
drop table t2;
CREATE TABLE t2 (
name STRING,
age bigint,
isStu INT,
opt STRING,
optDate TIMESTAMP(3) ,
PRIMARY KEY (name) NOT ENFORCED
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘upsert-kafka’,
‘topic’ = ‘test02’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘key.format’ = ‘csv’,
‘value.format’ = ‘csv’
);
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2.2.2 建立映射关系
将t1表中的数据写入到t2中

INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t1 ;
select * from t2;
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结果如下:

2.2.3 更新数据
继续模拟kafka生产者,写入如下数据

zhangsan,25,1,2
risen,8,8,8
lisi,0,0,
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结果如下:

2.2.4小结
通过如上测试,两条更新,一条插入,都已经实现了,

根据官方文档描述,指定key的情况下,当value为空则判断为删除操作

但是假如我插入一条数据到kafka,例如:

lisi,
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只有key,没有value,t1表就会报如下错误

因为建表的时候有几个类型定义为了Int类型,这里为空它默认为是""空字符串,有点呆,推测如果是json格式这类可以指定数据类型的,才能直接使用。对于csv这种数据类型不确定的,会存在无法推断类型的情况。

鉴于此,为了探究是否真的具备删除操作,我又将上述所有表结构都进行了修改。为了试验简单,我直接修改表结构再次测试

drop TABLE t1;
CREATE TABLE t1 (
name STRING,
age STRING,
isStu STRING,
opt STRING,
optDate TIMESTAMP(3) METADATA FROM ‘timestamp’
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘kafka’, – 使用 kafka connector
‘topic’ = ‘test01’, – kafka topic
‘scan.startup.mode’ = ‘earliest-offset’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘format’ = ‘csv’ – 数据源格式为 csv,
);
drop table t2;
CREATE TABLE t2 (
name STRING,
age STRING,
isStu STRING,
opt STRING,
optDate TIMESTAMP(3) ,
PRIMARY KEY (name) NOT ENFORCED
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘upsert-kafka’,
‘topic’ = ‘test02’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘key.format’ = ‘csv’,
‘value.format’ = ‘csv’
);
INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t1 ;
select * from t2;
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依然没有在t2表中删除掉该条记录,该功能需要进一步探索,以后在跟进。

2.3 FlinkSql-upsertKafka关于kafka中数据过期测试
2.3.1 创建10分钟策略的topic
kafka-topics --create --zookeeper 192.168.5.185:2181,192.168.5.165:2181,192.168.5.187:2181 --replication-factor 3 --partitions 3 --topic test01 --config log.retention.minutes=10
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kafka-console-producer --broker-list 192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092 --topic test01
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kafka-topics --delete --topic test01 --zookeeper 192.168.5.185:2181,192.168.5.165:2181,192.168.5.187:2181
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kafka-console-consumer --bootstrap-server 192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092 --topic output --from-beginning
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kafka-topics --bootstrap-server 192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092 --topic test01 --describe
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2.3.2 创建flinksql的表
CREATE TABLE t1 (
name string,
age BIGINT,
isStu INT,
opt STRING,
optDate TIMESTAMP(3) METADATA FROM ‘timestamp’,
WATERMARK FOR optDate as optDate - INTERVAL ‘5’ SECOND – 在ts上定义watermark,ts成为事件时间列
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘kafka’, – 使用 kafka connector
‘topic’ = ‘test01’, – kafka topic
‘scan.startup.mode’ = ‘earliest-offset’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘format’ = ‘csv’ – 数据源格式为 csv,
);
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CREATE TABLE t2 (
name STRING,
age bigint,
PRIMARY KEY (name) NOT ENFORCED
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘upsert-kafka’,
‘topic’ = ‘output’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘key.format’ = ‘csv’,
‘value.format’ = ‘csv’
);
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INSERT INTO t2
SELECT
name,
max(age)
FROM t1
GROUP BY name;
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2.3.3 写入数据
zhangsan,18,1,insert
lisi,20,2,update
wangwu,30,1,delete
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2.3.4 等待策略过期

flink映射的kafka数据因为数据删除,导致t1表里为空

但是t2是基于t1的汇总表,在t1被清空的情况下,t2依旧存在

3 FlinkSql-JDBC
FlinkSql-JDBC相关资料:

https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/dev/table/connectors/jdbc.html
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3.1 FlinkSql-JDBC-Mysql常规功能测试
3.1.1 mysql建表并写入数据
create table test.test01(name varchar(10),age int, primary key (name));
INSERT INTO test.test01(name, age)VALUES(‘zhangsan’, 20);
INSERT INTO test.test01(name, age)VALUES(‘lisi’, 30);
INSERT INTO test.test01(name, age)VALUES(‘wangwu’, 18);
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3.1.2 flinkSql建表
drop table mysqlTest ;
create table mysqlTest (
name string,
age int,
PRIMARY KEY (name) NOT ENFORCED
) with (
‘connector’ = ‘jdbc’,
‘url’ = ‘jdbc:mysql://192.168.5.187:3306/test’,
‘username’ = ‘root’,
‘password’ = ‘123456’,
‘table-name’ = ‘test01’

);
select * from mysqlTest;
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3.1.3 flinksql写入/更新数据到mysql
3.1.3.1 写入
INSERT INTO mysqlTest(name, age)VALUES(‘risen’, 88);
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在flink表与mysql表中,都多了该条记录

3.1.3.2 更新
INSERT INTO mysqlTest (name, age) VALUES(‘zhangsan’, 50);
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flinksql

mysql

3.1.3.3 删除
官方文档对delete简单提了一下,但是在实际中并没有

JDBC连接器允许使用JDBC驱动程序从任何关系数据库读取数据或将数据写入任何关系数据库。本文档介绍了如何设置JDBC连接器以对关系数据库运行SQL查询。

如果在DDL上定义了主键,则JDBC接收器将在upsert模式下运行以与外部系统交换UPDATE / DELETE消息,否则,它将在附加模式下运行,并且不支持使用UPDATE / DELETE消息。
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尝试删除:

DELETE FROM mysqlTest where name=‘zhangsan’;
INSERT INTO mysqlTest (name, age) VALUES(‘zhangsan’, null);
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3.1.4 小结
flinkSql连接mysql,增删改查,增加与查询很容易实现,但是修改一定要在建表的时候,指定主键才可以实现upsert,删除目前好像没办法实现

3.2 FlinkSql-JDBC-Impala常规测试
3.2.1 Impala创建kudu表
drop table kudu_test.kuduTest;
CREAT TABLE kudu_test.kuduTest
(
name string,
age BIGINT,
isStu INT,
opt STRING,
PRIMARY KEY(name)
)STORED AS KUDU;
INSERT INTO kudu_test.mysqlTest(name, age,isStu,opt)VALUES(‘zhangsan’, 20,1,‘1’);
INSERT INTO kudu_test.mysqlTest(name, age,isStu,opt)VALUES(‘lisi’, 30,1,‘1’);
INSERT INTO kudu_test.mysqlTest(name, age,isStu,opt)VALUES(‘wangwu’, 18,1,‘1’);
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3.2.2 flinkSql建表
drop table impalaTest ;
create table impalaTest (
name string,
age int,
PRIMARY KEY (name) NOT ENFORCED
) with (
‘connector’ = ‘jdbc’,
‘url’ = ‘jdbc:impala://192.168.5.185:21050/kudu_test’,
‘username’ = ‘root’,
‘password’ = ‘123456’,
‘table-name’ = ‘kuduTest’,
‘driver’=‘com.cloudera.impala.jdbc4.Driver’

);
select * from impalaTest;
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呃,不支持impala

3.2.3 小结
目前暂不支持通过JDBC连接Impala

4 总结
1、Flinksql支持kafka、mysql,且已经支持upsert功能,但是在测试delete的时候,发现都无法直接实现,但是可以通过汇总一次,在逻辑上实现。在尝试将flinksql连接impala的时候报错,目前暂不支持,但是可以考虑通过将数据写入kafka,最后impala来消费来实现。

2、在大数据场景中,每条数据都是有价值的。当某天有"统计删除了多少条数据"的需求时,物理删除掉的数据再也无法捞回,导致需求无法实现。所以建议不删除任何数据,以保留数据状态的形式,实现逻辑上的删除,即不统计当前状态为"删除"的数据。

5 实战演练
5.1 场景及需求
通过简单demo实现:

1、维度表更新

2、实时统计指标

5.1.1 源数据
姓名,年龄,身份,在校状态(1:存在:2:不存在)
name,age,identity,status
zhangsan,20,1,1
lisi,18,1,2
wangwu,30,2,2
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5.1.2 维度表
身份维度表
dim_identity 1:学生,2:老师
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5.2 流程设计

5.3 代码实现
5.3.1 创建mysql维度表并插入数据
create table test.dim_identity(name varchar(10),identity int);
INSERT INTO test.dim_identity(name, identity)VALUES(‘学生’, 1);
INSERT INTO test.dim_identity(name, identity)VALUES(‘老师’, 2);
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5.3.2 将mysql维度表映射成FlinkSql中的表
drop table dim_identity ;
create table dim_identity (
name string,
identity int
) with (
‘connector’ = ‘jdbc’,
‘url’ = ‘jdbc:mysql://192.168.5.187:3306/test’,
‘username’ = ‘root’,
‘password’ = ‘123456’,
‘table-name’ = ‘dim_identity’
);
select * from dim_identity;
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5.3.3 创建映射kafka的源数据表
CREATE TABLE ods_kafka (
name string,
age BIGINT,
identity INT,
status STRING,
insertDate TIMESTAMP(3) METADATA FROM ‘timestamp’
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘kafka’, – 使用 kafka connector
‘topic’ = ‘stuLog’, – kafka topic
‘scan.startup.mode’ = ‘earliest-offset’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘format’ = ‘csv’ – 数据源格式为 csv,
);
select * from ods_kafka;
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5.3.4 根据源数据表汇总成用户状态表
采用upsert的方式,以最新一条数据作为用户的状态

drop table tds_user_status;
CREATE TABLE tds_user_status (
name STRING,
age bigint,
identity INT,
status STRING,
insertDate TIMESTAMP(3) ,
PRIMARY KEY (name) NOT ENFORCED
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘upsert-kafka’,
‘topic’ = ‘tdsResult’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘key.format’ = ‘csv’,
‘value.format’ = ‘csv’
);
INSERT INTO tds_user_status SELECT * FROM ods_kafka ;
select * from tds_user_status;
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5.3.5 统计指标
统计以下指标:

当前在校的老师数量
当前总共多少学生
学生占总数的比例
当前状态为在校占总数的比例
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建FlinkSql表接收指标

drop table rpt_result;
CREATE TABLE rpt_result (
inStuTeatherNum int,
StudentNum int,
StudengRate FLOAT,
inStuRate FLOAT,
countDate TIMESTAMP(3) METADATA FROM ‘timestamp’,
PRIMARY KEY (countDate) NOT ENFORCED
) WITH (
‘connector’ = ‘upsert-kafka’,
‘topic’ = ‘rptResult’,
‘properties.bootstrap.servers’ = ‘192.168.5.185:9092,192.168.5.165:9092,192.168.5.187:9092’, – kafka broker 地址
‘key.format’ = ‘csv’,
‘value.format’ = ‘csv’
);
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开始统计:

INSERT INTO rpt_result
SELECT
sum(case when t2.name = ‘老师’ and t1.status =1 then 1 else 0 end ) inStuTeatherNum
,sum(case when t2.name = ‘学生’ then 1 else 0 end ) StudentNum
,sum(case when t2.name = ‘学生’ then 1 else 0 end )/sum(1) StudengRate
,sum(case when t1.status = 1 then 1 else 0 end )/sum(1) inStuRate
FROM tds_user_status t1
left join dim_identity t2
on t1.identity=t2.identity
;
select * from rpt_result
————————————————
版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「槐序i」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/spark9527/article/details/116716127

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