Recycleview的使用

最新推荐文章于 2020-08-01 00:36:14 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2020-08-01 00:36:14 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chilijie0120/article/details/69371957

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一、简介

1.RecyclerView是什么？

RecylerView是support-v7包中的新组件，是一个强大的滑动组件，与经典的ListView相比，同样拥有item回收复用的功能，这一点从它的名字recylerview即回收view也可以看出。看到这也许有人会问，不是已经有ListView了吗，为什么还要RecylerView呢？这就牵扯到第二个问题了。

2.RecyclerView的优点是什么？

根据官方的介绍RecylerView是ListView的升级版，既然如此那RecylerView必然有它的优点，现就RecylerView相对于ListView的优点罗列如下：

①RecylerView封装了viewholder的回收复用，也就是说RecylerView标准化了ViewHolder，编写Adapter面向的是ViewHolder而不再是View了，复用的逻辑被封装了，写起来更加简单。

②提供了一种插拔式的体验，高度的解耦，异常的灵活，针对一个Item的显示RecylerView专门抽取出了相应的类，来控制Item的显示，使其的扩展性非常强。例如：你想控制横向或者纵向滑动列表效果可以通过LinearLayoutManager这个类来进行控制(与GridView效果对应的是GridLayoutManager,与瀑布流对应的还有StaggeredGridLayoutManager等)，也就是说RecylerView不再拘泥于ListView的线性展示方式，它也可以实现GridView的效果等多种效果。你想控制Item的分隔线，可以通过继承RecylerView的ItemDecoration这个类，然后针对自己的业务需求去抒写代码。

③可以控制Item增删的动画，可以通过ItemAnimator这个类进行控制，当然针对增删的动画，RecylerView有其自己默认的实现。

二、使用

1、导入jar包

android-support-v7-recyclerview.jar

2、布局

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" >

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView

android:id="@+id/id_recyclerview"

android:divider="#ffff0000"

android:dividerHeight="10dp"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</RelativeLayout>

3、代码

3.1Activity

package com.example.reclerviewpractice;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.example.reclerviewpractice.adapter.MyRecyclerAdapter;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.DefaultItemAnimator;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.OrientationHelper;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
private RecyclerView recyclerView;
private List<String> mDatas;
private MyRecyclerAdapter recycleAdapter;
@SuppressLint("NewApi") @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout. activity_main);
recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView );
initData();
recycleAdapter= new MyRecyclerAdapter(MainActivity.this , mDatas );
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
//设置布局管理器
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//设置为垂直布局，这也是默认的
layoutManager.setOrientation(OrientationHelper.VERTICAL);
//设置Adapter
recyclerView.setAdapter( recycleAdapter);
//设置增加或删除条目的动画
recyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());
}
private void initData() {
mDatas = new ArrayList<String>();
for ( int i=0; i < 40; i++) {
mDatas.add( "item"+i);
}
}
}
3.2Adapter
1. package com.example.reclerviewpractice.adapter;
3. import java.util.List;
5. import com.example.reclerviewpractice.R;
7. import android.content.Context;
8. import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
9. import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.ViewHolder;
10. import android.view.LayoutInflater;
11. import android.view.View;
12. import android.view.ViewGroup;
13. import android.widget.TextView;
15. public class MyRecyclerAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyRecyclerAdapter.MyViewHolder> {
17. private List<String> mDatas;
18. private Context mContext;
19. private LayoutInflater inflater;
21. public MyRecyclerAdapter(Context context, List<String> datas){
22. this. mContext=context;
23. this. mDatas=datas;
24. inflater=LayoutInflater. from(mContext);
25. }
27. @Override
28. public int getItemCount() {
30. return mDatas.size();
31. }
33. //填充onCreateViewHolder方法返回的holder中的控件
34. @Override
35. public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, final int position) {
37. holder.tv.setText( mDatas.get(position));
38. }
40. //重写onCreateViewHolder方法，返回一个自定义的ViewHolder
41. @Override
42. public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
44. View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout. item_home,parent, false);
45. MyViewHolder holder= new MyViewHolder(view);
46. return holder;
47. }
49. class MyViewHolder extends ViewHolder{
51. TextView tv;
53. public MyViewHolder(View view) {
54. super(view);
55. tv=(TextView) view.findViewById(R.id. tv_item);
56. }
58. }
59. }
3.3 RecyclerView增加分隔线

package com.example.reclerviewpractice;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager ;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{
android.R.attr. listDivider
};
public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL;
public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL;
private Drawable mDivider;
private int mOrientation;
public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation) {
final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS );
mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
a.recycle();
setOrientation(orientation);
}
public void setOrientation( int orientation) {
if (orientation != HORIZONTAL_LIST && orientation != VERTICAL_LIST) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "invalid orientation");
}
mOrientation = orientation;
}
@Override
public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
drawVertical(c, parent);
} else {
drawHorizontal(c, parent);
}
}
public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
final int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
final int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
.getLayoutParams();
final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDivider.draw(c);
}
}
public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
final int top = parent.getPaddingTop();
final int bottom = parent.getHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom();
final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
.getLayoutParams();
final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDivider.draw(c);
}
}
@Override
public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition, RecyclerView parent) {
if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
}else{
outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
}
}
}
3.4 改变分隔线样式
那么怎么更改分隔线的样式呢？在上面的DividerItemDecoration这个类中可以看到这个分隔线是跟ListView一样的，即系统的默认的样式，因此我们可以在styles的xml文件中进行更改，更改如下：
1. 
2. <style name ="AppTheme" parent="AppBaseTheme">
3. 
4. <item name= "android:listDivider">@drawable/divider </item >
5. </style >
divider的内容如下：
1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding= "utf-8"?>
2. <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
3. android:shape="rectangle" >
5. 
6. <solid android:color ="@color/color_red"/>
8. 
9. <size android:height ="1dp" android:width ="1dp"/>
10. </shape>
11. 三、Gridview表格样式
12. 在上面的代码中我们使用了
  [java] view plain copy
  
  LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
  //设置布局管理器
  recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
  RecyclerView.LayoutManager是一个抽象类，系统为我们提供了三个实现类
  ①LinearLayoutManager即线性布局，这个是在上面的例子中我们用到的布局
  ②GridLayoutManager即表格布局
  ③StaggeredGridLayoutManager即流式布局，如瀑布流效果
  假如将上述例子换成GridView的效果，那么相应的代码应该这样改
  [java] view plain copy
  
  recyclerView .setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager( this,4));
  除此之外上述的分隔线也要做相应的更改，因为在上述DividerItemDecoration这个方法中从
  [java] view plain copy
  
  final int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
  final int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
  这两行我们可以看出来，它是绘制了一条线这条线就是从RecyclerView去掉左右边距后，剩余的部分，因为当显示成ListView时每一行就一个Item所以整体效果看上去就跟ListView差不多，而当展示成GridView那样的效果时，每一行就不止一个条目了，而有可能是多个,所以这个类就不再适用了，我们需要重新写一个，这里我就直接用鸿洋大神写的了，它的博客地址：http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/45059587
  [java] view plain copy
  
  package com.example.reclerviewpractice;
  
  import android.content.Context;
  import android.content.res.TypedArray;
  import android.graphics.Canvas;
  import android.graphics.Rect;
  import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
  import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.LayoutManager;
  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.State;
  import android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;
  import android.view.View;
  
  /**
  *
  * @author zhy
  *
  */
  public class DividerGridItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration
  {
  
       private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[] { android.R.attr.listDivider };
       private Drawable mDivider;
  
       public DividerGridItemDecoration(Context context)
       {
              final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS );
              mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
             a.recycle();
       }
  
       @Override
       public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, State state)
       {
  
             drawHorizontal(c, parent);
             drawVertical(c, parent);
  
       }
  
       private int getSpanCount(RecyclerView parent)
       {
              // 列数
              int spanCount = -1;
             LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
              if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager)
             {
  
                  spanCount = ((GridLayoutManager) layoutManager).getSpanCount();
             } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager)
             {
                  spanCount = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager)
                             .getSpanCount();
             }
              return spanCount;
       }
  
       public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
       {
              int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
              for ( int i = 0; i < childCount; i++)
             {
                   final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
                   final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
                             .getLayoutParams();
                   final int left = child.getLeft() - params.leftMargin;
                   final int right = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin
                             + mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth();
                   final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
                   final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
                   mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
                   mDivider.draw(c);
             }
       }
  
       public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
       {
              final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
              for ( int i = 0; i < childCount; i++)
             {
                   final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
  
                   final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
                             .getLayoutParams();
                   final int top = child.getTop() - params.topMargin;
                   final int bottom = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
                   final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
                   final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth();
  
                   mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
                   mDivider.draw(c);
             }
       }
  
       private boolean isLastColum(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount,
                   int childCount)
       {
             LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
              if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager)
             {
                   if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0) // 如果是最后一列，则不需要绘制右边
                  {
                        return true;
                  }
             } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager)
             {
                   int orientation = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager)
                             .getOrientation();
                   if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL )
                  {
                        if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0) // 如果是最后一列，则不需要绘制右边
                       {
                              return true;
                       }
                  } else
                  {
                       childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
                        if (pos >= childCount) // 如果是最后一列，则不需要绘制右边
                              return true;
                  }
             }
              return false;
       }
  
       private boolean isLastRaw(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount,
                   int childCount)
       {
             LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
              if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager)
             {
                  childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
                   if (pos >= childCount) // 如果是最后一行，则不需要绘制底部
                        return true;
             } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager)
             {
                   int orientation = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager)
                             .getOrientation();
                   // StaggeredGridLayoutManager 且纵向滚动
                   if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL )
                  {
                       childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
                        // 如果是最后一行，则不需要绘制底部
                        if (pos >= childCount)
                              return true;
                  } else
                   // StaggeredGridLayoutManager 且横向滚动
                  {
                        // 如果是最后一行，则不需要绘制底部
                        if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)
                       {
                              return true;
                       }
                  }
             }
              return false;
       }
  
       @Override
       public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition,
                  RecyclerView parent)
       {
              int spanCount = getSpanCount(parent);
              int childCount = parent.getAdapter().getItemCount();
              if (isLastRaw(parent, itemPosition, spanCount, childCount))// 如果是最后一行，则不需要绘制底部
             {
                  outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
             } else if (isLastColum(parent, itemPosition, spanCount, childCount))// 如果是最后一列，则不需要绘制右边
             {
                  outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
             } else
             {
                  outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(),
                              mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
             }
       } }
  还有更让人瞠目结舌的效果，将上述代码做如下更改
  [java] view plain copy
  
  StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(4,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
  //设置布局管理器
  recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
  这里需要注意的是StaggeredGridLayoutManager构造的第二个参数传一个orientation，如果传入的是StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL那么前面那个参数就代表有多少列；如果传是StaggeredGridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL那么前面那个参数就代表有多少行
  四、RecyclerView增加和删除的动画(包括RecyclerView.Adapter中刷新的几个方法的对比)
13. 在上面也提到了控制RecyclerView增加和删除的动画是通过ItemAnimator这个类来实现的，ItemAnimator这类也是个抽象的类，系统默认给我们提供了一种增加和删除的动画，下面我们就来看看这种动画的效果，我们需要做的修改如下：
  [java] view plain copy
  
  LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
  //设置布局管理器
  recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
  //设置增加或删除条目的动画
  recyclerView.setItemAnimator( new DefaultItemAnimator());
  然后重写ActionBar的
  [java] view plain copy
  
  @Override
       public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
       {
             getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu. main, menu);
              return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
       }
  
       @Override
       public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
       {
              switch (item.getItemId())
             {
              case R.id. id_action_add:
                   recycleAdapter.addData(1);
                   break;
              case R.id. id_action_delete:
                   recycleAdapter.removeData(1);
                   break;
             }
              return true;
       }
  关于R.menu. main中的main.xml这个文件代码就不贴了，在最后的一个汇总的例子里会有
  
  recyclerViewAdapter中增加的两个方法：
  
  public void addData( int position) {
  
             mDatas .add(position, "Insert One" );
  
            notifyItemInserted(position);
  
  notifyItemRangeChanged(position, mDatas .size());
  
       }
  
        public void removeData( int position) {
  
             mDatas .remove(position);
  
  notifyItemRemoved(position);
     notifyItemRangeChanged(position, mDatas .size());
  
       }
  
  这里需要说一下RecyclerView.Adapter中刷新数据的几个方法，一共有这么几个方法
  [java] view plain copy
  
  public final void notifyDataSetChanged()
  public final void notifyItemChanged(int position)
  public final void notifyItemRangeChanged(int positionStart, int itemCount)
  public final void notifyItemInserted(int position)
  public final void notifyItemMoved(int fromPosition, int toPosition)
  public final void notifyItemRangeInserted(int positionStart, int itemCount)
  public final void notifyItemRemoved(int position)
  public final void notifyItemRangeRemoved(int positionStart, int itemCount)
  notifyDataSetChanged()这个方法跟我们平时用到的ListView的Adapter的方法一样，这里就不多做描述了。
  
  notifyItemChanged(int position)，当position位置的数据发生了改变时就会调用这个方法，就会回调对应position的onBindViewHolder()方法了，当然，因为ViewHolder是复用的，所以如果position在当前屏幕以外，也就不会回调了，因为没有意义，下次position滚动会当前屏幕以内的时候同样会调用onBindViewHolder()方法刷新数据了。其他的方法也是同样的道理。public final void notifyItemRangeChanged(int positionStart, int itemCount)，顾名思义，可以刷新从positionStart开始itemCount数量的item了（这里的刷新指回调onBindViewHolder()方法）。
  
  public final void notifyItemInserted(int position)，这个方法是在第position位置被插入了一条数据的时候可以使用这个方法刷新，注意这个方法调用后会有插入的动画，这个动画可以使用默认的，也可以自己定义。
  
  public final void notifyItemMoved(int fromPosition, int toPosition)，这个方法是从fromPosition移动到toPosition为止的时候可以使用这个方法刷新
  
  public final void notifyItemRangeInserted(int positionStart, int itemCount)，显然是批量添加。
  
  public final void notifyItemRemoved(int position)，第position个被删除的时候刷新，同样会有动画。
  将上述更改运行，点击添加和删除按钮效果图如下：
  
  public final void notifyItemRangeRemoved(int positionStart, int itemCount)，批量删除。
  五、给RecyclerView的Item添加点击事件
16. public interface OnItemClickListener{
  
           void onClick( int position);
  
           void onLongClick( int position);
  
       }
  
  public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener onItemClickListener ){
  
           this . mOnItemClickListener =onItemClickListener;
  
       }
  
  然后onBindViewHolder方法要做如下更改
  [java] view plain copy
  
  @Override
       public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, final int position) {
  
             holder. tv.setText( mDatas.get(position));
  
              if( mOnItemClickListener!= null){
                  holder. itemView.setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener() {
  
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View v) {
                             mOnItemClickListener.onClick(position);
                       }
                  });
  
                  holder. itemView.setOnLongClickListener( new OnLongClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public boolean onLongClick(View v) {
                             mOnItemClickListener.onLongClick(position);
                              return false;
                       }
                  });
             }
       }<span style="color:#333333;">
  </span>
  在MainAcitivity中增加
  [java] view plain copy
  
  recycleAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
  
                @Override
                public void onLongClick(int position) {
                     Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"onLongClick事件       您点击了第："+position+"个Item",0).show();
                }
  
                @Override
                public void onClick(int position) {
                     Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"onClick事件       您点击了第："+position+"个Item",0).show();
                }
           });