创建具有托盘的服务程序

Windows 2000/XP和2003等支持一种叫做"服务程序"的东西.程序作为服务启动有以下几个好处:

    (1)不用登陆进系统即可运行.
    (2)具有SYSTEM特权.所以你在进程管理器里面是无法结束它的.

    笔者在2003年为一公司开发机顶盒项目的时候,曾经写过课件上传和媒体服务,下面就介绍一下如何用Delphi7创建一个Service程序.
    运行Delphi7,选择菜单File-->New-->Other--->Service Application.将生成一个服务程序的框架.将工程保存为ServiceDemo.dpr和Unit_Main.pas,然后回到主框架.我们注意到,Service有几个属性.其中以下几个是我们比较常用的:

    (1)DisplayName:服务的显示名称
    (2)Name:服务名称.

    我们在这里将DisplayName的值改为"Delphi服务演示程序",Name改为"DelphiService".编译这个项目,将得到ServiceDemo.exe.这已经是一个服务程序了!进入CMD模式,切换致工程所在目录,运行命令"ServiceDemo.exe /install",将提示服务安装成功!然后"net start DelphiService"将启动这个服务.进入控制面版-->管理工具-->服务,将显示这个服务和当前状态.不过这个服务现在什么也干不了,因为我们还没有写代码:)先"net stop DelphiService"停止再"ServiceDemo.exe /uninstall"删除这个服务.回到Delphi7的IDE.

    我们的计划是为这个服务添加一个主窗口,运行后任务栏显示程序的图标,双击图标将显示主窗口,上面有一个按钮,点击该按钮将实现Ctrl+Alt+Del功能.

    实际上,服务程序莫认是工作于Winlogon桌面的,可以打开控制面板,查看我们刚才那个服务的属性-->登陆,其中"允许服务与桌面交互"是不打钩的.怎么办?呵呵,回到IDE,注意那个布尔属性:Interactive,当这个属性为True的时候,该服务程序就可以与桌面交互了.

    File-->New-->Form为服务添加窗口FrmMain,单元保存为Unit_FrmMain,并且把这个窗口设置为手工创建.完成后的代码如下:

unit Unit_Main; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, Controls, SvcMgr, Dialogs, Unit_FrmMain; type TDelphiService = class(TService) procedure ServiceContinue(Sender: TService; var Continued: Boolean); procedure ServiceExecute(Sender: TService); procedure ServicePause(Sender: TService; var Paused: Boolean); procedure ServiceShutdown(Sender: TService); procedure ServiceStart(Sender: TService; var Started: Boolean); procedure ServiceStop(Sender: TService; var Stopped: Boolean); private { Private declarations } public function GetServiceController: TServiceController; override; { Public declarations } end; var DelphiService: TDelphiService; FrmMain: TFrmMain; implementation {$R *.DFM} procedure ServiceController(CtrlCode: DWord); stdcall; begin   DelphiService.Controller(CtrlCode); end; function TDelphiService.GetServiceController: TServiceController; begin   Result := ServiceController; end; procedure TDelphiService.ServiceContinue(Sender: TService; var Continued: Boolean); begin   while not Terminated do   begin     Sleep(10);     ServiceThread.ProcessRequests(False);   end; end; procedure TDelphiService.ServiceExecute(Sender: TService); begin   while not Terminated do   begin     Sleep(10);     ServiceThread.ProcessRequests(False);   end; end; procedure TDelphiService.ServicePause(Sender: TService; var Paused: Boolean); begin   Paused := True; end; procedure TDelphiService.ServiceShutdown(Sender: TService); begin   gbCanClose := true;   FrmMain.Free;   Status := csStopped;   ReportStatus(); end; procedure TDelphiService.ServiceStart(Sender: TService; var Started: Boolean); begin   Started := True;   Svcmgr.Application.CreateForm(TFrmMain, FrmMain);   gbCanClose := False;   FrmMain.Hide; end; procedure TDelphiService.ServiceStop(Sender: TService; var Stopped: Boolean); begin   Stopped := True;   gbCanClose := True;   FrmMain.Free; end; end.

主窗口单元如下:

unit Unit_FrmMain; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, ShellApi, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls; const WM_TrayIcon = WM_USER + 1234; type TFrmMain = class(TForm) Timer1: TTimer; Button1: TButton; procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject); procedure FormCloseQuery(Sender: TObject; var CanClose: Boolean); procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject); procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject); private { Private declarations } IconData: TNotifyIconData; procedure AddIconToTray; procedure DelIconFromTray; procedure TrayIconMessage(var Msg: TMessage); message WM_TrayIcon; procedure SysButtonMsg(var Msg: TMessage); message WM_SYSCOMMAND; public { Public declarations } end; var FrmMain: TFrmMain; gbCanClose: Boolean; implementation {$R *.dfm} procedure TFrmMain.FormCreate(Sender: TObject); begin   FormStyle := fsStayOnTop; {窗口最前}   SetWindowLong(Application.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW); {不在任务栏显示}   gbCanClose := False;   Timer1.Interval := 1000;   Timer1.Enabled := True; end; procedure TFrmMain.FormCloseQuery(Sender: TObject; var CanClose: Boolean); begin   CanClose := gbCanClose;   if not CanClose then   begin     Hide;   end; end; procedure TFrmMain.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); begin   Timer1.Enabled := False;   DelIconFromTray; end; procedure TFrmMain.AddIconToTray; begin   ZeroMemory(@IconData, SizeOf(TNotifyIconData));   IconData.cbSize := SizeOf(TNotifyIconData);   IconData.Wnd := Handle;   IconData.uID := 1;   IconData.uFlags := NIF_MESSAGE or NIF_ICON or NIF_TIP;   IconData.uCallbackMessage := WM_TrayIcon;   IconData.hIcon := Application.Icon.Handle;   IconData.szTip := 'Delphi服务演示程序';   Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD, @IconData); end; procedure TFrmMain.DelIconFromTray; begin   Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE, @IconData); end; procedure TFrmMain.SysButtonMsg(var Msg: TMessage); begin   if (Msg.wParam = SC_CLOSE) or   (Msg.wParam = SC_MINIMIZE) then Hide   else inherited; // 执行默认动作 end; procedure TFrmMain.TrayIconMessage(var Msg: TMessage); begin   if (Msg.LParam = WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK) then Show(); end; procedure TFrmMain.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject); begin   AddIconToTray; end; procedure SendHokKey;stdcall; var HDesk_WL: HDESK; begin   HDesk_WL := OpenDesktop ('Winlogon', 0, False, DESKTOP_JOURNALPLAYBACK);   if (HDesk_WL <> 0) then   if (SetThreadDesktop (HDesk_WL) = True) then   PostMessage(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_HOTKEY, 0, MAKELONG (MOD_ALT or MOD_CONTROL, VK_DELETE)); end; procedure TFrmMain.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); var dwThreadID : DWORD; begin   CreateThread(nil, 0, @SendHokKey, nil, 0, dwThreadID); end; end. program ServiceDemo; uses SvcMgr, Unit_Main in 'Unit_Main.pas' {DelphiService: TService}, Unit_frmMain in 'Unit_frmMain.pas' {frmMain}; {$R *.RES} begin   Application.Initialize;   Application.CreateForm(TDelphiService, DelphiService);   Application.Run; end.

窗体代码如下:

object DelphiService: TDelphiService OldCreateOrder = False DisplayName = 'Delphi服务演示程序' Interactive = True OnContinue = ServiceContinue OnExecute = ServiceExecute OnPause = ServicePause OnShutdown = ServiceShutdown OnStart = ServiceStart OnStop = ServiceStop Left = 261 Top = 177 Height = 150 Width = 215 end object frmMain: TfrmMain Left = 192 Top = 107 Width = 696 Height = 480 Caption = '我的服务测试程序' Color = clBtnFace Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET Font.Color = clWindowText Font.Height = -11 Font.Name = 'MS Sans Serif' Font.Style = [] OldCreateOrder = False OnCloseQuery = FormCloseQuery OnCreate = FormCreate OnDestroy = FormDestroy PixelsPerInch = 96 TextHeight = 13 object Button1: TButton Left = 296 Top = 264 Width = 75 Height = 25 Caption = 'Button1' TabOrder = 0 OnClick = Button1Click end object Timer1: TTimer OnTimer = Timer1Timer Left = 120 Top = 192 end end