http://www.sina.com.cn 2008年06月24日 10:21
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项目中有时候要用XML作为数据源,因此需要定义XML文件和相应的类,最佳方法是首先定义XSD,然后自动生成实体类,最后生成XML和填充数据;读取XML数据源的时候,首先用XSD验证XML数据格式,然后自动读入实体类使用。
自动读取XML数据到实体类:
XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(myClassType)); using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(XmlFilePath, FileMode.Open)) { return (myClassType)xs.Deserialize(fs); }如何由XML生成XSD?
- 可以用工具,如XMLSpy,首先打开XML, 然后DTD/Schema -> Generate DTD/Schema, 选择W3c Sehcma即可。
- 此方法不一定能生成确切满足需求的XSD,另需修改。
如何由XSD生成XML?
- 可以用其他工具,如XMLSpy,DTD/Schema -> Generate sample XML file...
- 可以由XSD生成类,然后写代码实例化这个类,最后序列化为XML
- 如何自动给类每个属性设置一个空值:(用反射的方法)
代码示例:
/// <summary> /// Get all properties and set default value /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">Type</typeparam> /// <param name="item">Object</param> private static void ReflctProperties<T>(T item) { PropertyInfo[] pty = typeof(T).GetProperties(); Type t = item.GetType(); if (pty != null) { foreach (PropertyInfo info in pty) { if (!info.CanWrite) continue; if (info.PropertyType == typeof(String)) { t.GetProperty(info.Name).SetValue(item, String.Empty, null); } if (info.PropertyType == typeof(Boolean)) { t.GetProperty(info.Name).SetValue(item, true, null); } } } }反射读取类的属性:
public static object GetProperty<T>(T item, string PropertyName) { PropertyInfo propertyInfo = item.GetType().GetProperty(PropertyName); if (propertyInfo != null) { return propertyInfo.GetValue(item, null); } return null; }如何序列化为XML?
/// <summary> /// Serialize class instance to XML file /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">type</typeparam> /// <param name="XMLFileToCreate">XMLFileToCreate</param> /// <param name="instance">class instance</param> public void Serialize<T>(string XMLFileToCreate, T instance) { if (instance == null) return; XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T)); using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(XMLFileToCreate)) { xs.Serialize(sw, instance); } }如何使用XSD来验证XML文件合法性:
- 使用XMLSpy,首先Assign XSD,然后验证 (其实就是设置XML里面引用的schema,注意schema可能引用其他的schema)
- 代码中验证:
Validate XML against XSD#region Validate XML against XSD public class Validator { private string errMsg; /**//// <summary> /// validation Error Msg /// </summary> public string validationErrMsg { get { return errMsg; } set { errMsg = value; } } /**//// <summary> /// Validate XML against schema /// </summary> /// <param name="XSD"></param> /// <param name="XMLFile"></param> /// <param name="LocationDefined"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Validate(string XSD, string XMLFile, bool LocationDefined) { bool isValid = true; try { Stream schemaFile = null; XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings(); ValidationEventHandler SchemaValidationEventHandler = new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack); settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema; settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.AllowXmlAttributes; settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ReportValidationWarnings; settings.ValidationEventHandler += SchemaValidationEventHandler; if (LocationDefined == true) { settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessInlineSchema; settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessSchemaLocation; } else { schemaFile = new FileStream(XSD, FileMode.Open); XmlSchema tmsSchema = XmlSchema.Read(schemaFile, SchemaValidationEventHandler); settings.Schemas.Add(tmsSchema); } using (XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(XMLFile, settings)) { string test; while (reader.Read() && isValid == true) { test = reader.Name; } }; if (schemaFile != null) { schemaFile.Close(); } } catch (Exception e) { validationErrMsg += "Exception occured when validating. " + e.Message; isValid = false; } return isValid; } /**//// <summary> /// Display any warnings or errors. /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="args"></param> public void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs args) { if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning) { validationErrMsg += "Matching schema not found. No validation occurred." + args.Message; validationErrMsg = args.Message; } else { validationErrMsg += "/nValidation error: " + args.Message; validationErrMsg = args.Message; } } } #endregion