大体上,OC中常用的数组排序有以下几种方法:sortedArrayUsingSelector:;sortedArrayUsingComparator:;sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:。
1、简单排序(sortedArrayUsingSelector:)
如果只是对字符串的排序,可以利用sortedArrayUsingSelector:方法就可以了,代码如下
3 | NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"abc",@"456",@"123",@"789",@"ef", nil]; |
4 | NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)]; |
5 | NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray); |
当然,除了利用字符串自带的compare:方法,也可以自己写compare:方法,进行对象的比较;如下:
首先是新建了Person类,实现方法如下(头文件就省了):
02 | @implementation Person |
04 | //直接实现静态方法,获取带有name和age的Person对象 |
05 | +(Person *)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name{ |
06 | Person *person = [[Person alloc] init]; |
13 | -(NSComparisonResult)comparePerson:(Person *)person{ |
15 | NSComparisonResult result = [[NSNumber numberWithInt:person.age] compare:[NSNumber numberWithInt:self.age]];//注意:基本数据类型要进行数据转换 |
17 | if (result == NSOrderedSame) { |
18 | result = [self.name compare:person.name]; |
主函数代码如下:
02 | Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan"]; |
03 | Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"lisi"]; |
04 | Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"wangwu"]; |
05 | Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"liwu"]; |
06 | Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:20 withName:@"liwu"]; |
07 | NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil]; |
08 | NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(comparePerson:)]; |
09 | NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray); |
2、利用block语法(sortedArrayUsingComparator:)
苹果官方提供了block语法,比较方便。其中数组排序可以用sortedArrayUsingComparator:方法,代码如下:
02 | NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1bc",@"4b6",@"123",@"789",@"3ef", nil]; |
03 | NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) { |
05 | //这里的代码可以参照上面compare:默认的排序方法,也可以把自定义的方法写在这里,给对象排序 |
06 | NSComparisonResult result = [obj1 compare:obj2]; |
09 | NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray); |
3、高级排序(sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:)
如果是这样一种情况呢?Person类里有另外一个类的变量,比如说Person类除了name,age变量,还有一辆车Car类型,Car类里有个name属性。对Person对象进行排序,有这样的要求:按照Car的name排序,如果是同一辆车,也就是Car的name相同,那么再按照年龄进行排序,如果年龄也相同,最后按照Person的name进行排序。
上面这样就要使用第三种方法,利用排序描述器,不多说,有兴趣可以看看API介绍。代码如下:
首先写个Car类,实现类Car.m代码如下:
04 | +(Car *)initWithName:(NSString *)name{ |
05 | Car *car = [Car alloc] init]; |
然后改写Person类,实现类Person.m代码如下:
03 | @implementation Person |
05 | +(Person *)personWithAge:(int)age withName:(NSString *)name withCar:(Car *)car{ |
06 | Person *person = [[Person alloc] init]; |
13 | //这里重写description方法,用于最后测试排序结果显示 |
14 | -(NSString *)description{ |
15 | return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"age is %zi , name is %@, car is %@",_age,_name,_car.name]; |
主函数代码如下:
02 | //首先来3辆车,分别是奥迪、劳斯莱斯、宝马 |
03 | Car *car1 = [Car initWithName:@"Audio"]; |
04 | Car *car2 = [Car initWithName:@"Rolls-Royce"]; |
05 | Car *car3 = [Car initWithName:@"BMW"]; |
07 | //再来5个Person,每人送辆车,分别为car2、car1、car1、car3、car2 |
08 | Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car2]; |
09 | Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car1]; |
10 | Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"lisi" withCar:car1]; |
11 | Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car3]; |
12 | Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car2]; |
16 | NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil]; |
19 | NSSortDescriptor *carNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"car.name" ascending:YES]; |
20 | NSSortDescriptor *personNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES]; |
21 | NSSortDescriptor *personAgeDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age" ascending:YES]; |
23 | //把排序描述器放进数组里,放入的顺序就是你想要排序的顺序 |
24 | //我这里是:首先按照年龄排序,然后是车的名字,最后是按照人的名字 |
25 | NSArray *descriptorArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:personAgeDesc,carNameDesc,personNameDesc, nil]; |
27 | NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors: descriptorArray]; |
28 | NSLog(@"%@",sortedArray); |
结果如下:
从结果看出,先按照age排序,如果age相同,按照car排序,如果car相同,按照name排序。
(注意:上面两种排序方法要想实现字符串显示,请重写description方法)