总结OC中数组排序3种方法:sortedArrayUsingSelector:;sortedArrayUsingComparator:;sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:
大体上,OC中常用的数组排序有以下几种方法:sortedArrayUsingSelector:;sortedArrayUsingComparator:;sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:
1、简单排序(sortedArrayUsingSelector:)
如果只是对字符串的排序,可以利用sortedArrayUsingSelector:方法就可以了,代码如下
//简单排序
void sortArray1(){
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"abc",@"456",@"123",@"789",@"ef", nil];
NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
}
首先是新建了Person类,实现方法如下(头文件就省了):
#import "Person.h"
@implementation Person
//直接实现静态方法,获取带有name和age的Person对象
+(Person *)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name{
Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
person.age = age;
person.name = name;
return person;
}
//自定义排序方法
-(NSComparisonResult)comparePerson:(Person *)person{
//默认按年龄排序
NSComparisonResult result = [[NSNumber numberWithInt:person.age] compare:[NSNumber numberWithInt:self.age]];//注意:基本数据类型要进行数据转换
//如果年龄一样,就按照名字排序
if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
result = [self.name compare:person.name];
}
return result;
}
@end
void sortArray2(){
Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan"];
Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"lisi"];
Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"wangwu"];
Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"liwu"];
Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:20 withName:@"liwu"];
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil];
NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(comparePerson:)];
NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
}
2、利用block语法(sortedArrayUsingComparator:)
苹果官方提供了block语法,比较方便。其中数组排序可以用sortedArrayUsingComparator:方法,代码如下:
void sortArray3(){
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1bc",@"4b6",@"123",@"789",@"3ef", nil];
NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) {
//这里的代码可以参照上面compare:默认的排序方法,也可以把自定义的方法写在这里,给对象排序
NSComparisonResult result = [obj1 compare:obj2];
return result;
}];
NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
}
3、高级排序(sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:)
如果是这样一种情况呢?Person类里有另外一个类的变量,比如说Person类除了name,age变量,还有一辆车Car类型,Car类里有个 name属性。对Person对象进行排序,有这样的要求:按照Car的name排序,如果是同一辆车,也就是Car的name相同,那么再按照年龄进行 排序,如果年龄也相同,最后按照Person的name进行排序。
上面这样就要使用第三种方法,利用排序描述器,不多说,有兴趣可以看看API介绍。代码如下:
首先写个Car类,实现类Car.m代码如下:
#import "Car.h"
@implementation Car
+(Car *)initWithName:(NSString *)name{
Car *car = [Car alloc] init];
car.name = name;
return car;
}
@end
然后改写Person类,实现类Person.m代码如下:
#import "Person.h"
#import "Car.h"
@implementation Person
+(Person *)personWithAge:(int)age withName:(NSString *)name withCar:(Car *)car{
Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
person.age = age;
person.name = name;
person.car = car;
return person;
}
//这里重写description方法,用于最后测试排序结果显示
-(NSString *)description{
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"age is %zi , name is %@, car is %@",_age,_name,_car.name];
}
@end
void sortArray4(){
//首先来3辆车,分别是奥迪、劳斯莱斯、宝马
Car *car1 = [Car initWithName:@"Audio"];
Car *car2 = [Car initWithName:@"Rolls-Royce"];
Car *car3 = [Car initWithName:@"BMW"];
//再来5个Person,每人送辆车,分别为car2、car1、car1、car3、car2
Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car2];
Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car1];
Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"lisi" withCar:car1];
Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car3];
Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car2];
//加入数组
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil];
//构建排序描述器
NSSortDescriptor *carNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"car.name" ascending:YES];
NSSortDescriptor *personNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES];
NSSortDescriptor *personAgeDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age" ascending:YES];
//把排序描述器放进数组里,放入的顺序就是你想要排序的顺序
//我这里是:首先按照年龄排序,然后是车的名字,最后是按照人的名字
NSArray *descriptorArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:personAgeDesc,carNameDesc,personNameDesc, nil];
NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors: descriptorArray];
NSLog(@"%@",sortedArray);
}
结果如下:
从结果看出,先按照age排序,如果age相同,按照car排序,如果car相同,按照name排序。
(注意:上面两种排序方法要想实现字符串显示,请重写description方法)