当window.btoa()带上字符串遇上IE10-

先谈谈window.btoa()和window.atob()这种编码/解码方式吧，不多废话，上代码：

var str = 'javascript';
var newstr=window.btoa(str);
console.log( newstr );    //转码结果 "amF2YXNjcmlwdA=="
console.log( window.atob( newstr ) );    //解码结果 "javascript"

不过值得注意的是：以上这种转码的本质是Base64转码，但是Base64转码的对象只能是字符串，不包括汉字；

var str="你好！Albert_c";
    var newstr=window.btoa(str);
    console.log( newstr );    
    //Uncaught DOMException: Failed to execute 'btoa' on 'Window': The string to be encoded contains characters outside of the Latin1 range.

如上图，直接报错，所以当我们遇上汉字还需要进行Unicode转码；具体用到window.encodeURIComponent()和window.decodeURIComponent()：

var str="你好！Albert_c";
    var str1=window.btoa(window.encodeURIComponent(str));
    var str2=window.decodeURIComponent(window.atob(str1));
    console.log( str1 );    //    转码结果 "JUU0JUJEJUEwJUU1JUE1JUJEJUVGJUJDJTgxQWxiZXJ0X2M="
    console.log( str2 );    //    解码结果 "你好！Albert_c"

还值得一提的是：window.btoa()对IE的兼容性并不好，在IE10以下便无法识别了，不过强大的ITer总会有解决办法，在此分享一段代码：

<script type="text/javascript"> 
     //    先定义Base64()这个函数    
function Base64() {
 
    // private property
    _keyStr = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";
 
    // public method for encoding
    this.encode = function (input) {
        var output = "";
        var chr1, chr2, chr3, enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
        var i = 0;
        input = _utf8_encode(input);
        while (i < input.length) {
            chr1 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
            chr2 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
            chr3 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
            enc1 = chr1 >> 2;
            enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4);
            enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6);
            enc4 = chr3 & 63;
            if (isNaN(chr2)) {
                enc3 = enc4 = 64;
            } else if (isNaN(chr3)) {
                enc4 = 64;
            }
            output = output +
            _keyStr.charAt(enc1) + _keyStr.charAt(enc2) +
            _keyStr.charAt(enc3) + _keyStr.charAt(enc4);
        }
        return output;
    }
 
    // public method for decoding
    this.decode = function (input) {
        var output = "";
        var chr1, chr2, chr3;
        var enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
        var i = 0;
        input = input.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9\+\/\=]/g, "");
        while (i < input.length) {
            enc1 = _keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
            enc2 = _keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
            enc3 = _keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
            enc4 = _keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
            chr1 = (enc1 << 2) | (enc2 >> 4);
            chr2 = ((enc2 & 15) << 4) | (enc3 >> 2);
            chr3 = ((enc3 & 3) << 6) | enc4;
            output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr1);
            if (enc3 != 64) {
                output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr2);
            }
            if (enc4 != 64) {
                output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr3);
            }
        }
        output = _utf8_decode(output);
        return output;
    }
 
    // private method for UTF-8 encoding
    _utf8_encode = function (string) {
        string = string.replace(/\r\n/g,"\n");
        var utftext = "";
        for (var n = 0; n < string.length; n++) {
            var c = string.charCodeAt(n);
            if (c < 128) {
                utftext += String.fromCharCode(c);
            } else if((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) {
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 6) | 192);
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
            } else {
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 12) | 224);
                utftext += String.fromCharCode(((c >> 6) & 63) | 128);
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
            }
 
        }
        return utftext;
    }
 
    // private method for UTF-8 decoding
    _utf8_decode = function (utftext) {
        var string = "";
        var i = 0;
        var c = c1 = c2 = 0;
        while ( i < utftext.length ) {
            c = utftext.charCodeAt(i);
            if (c < 128) {
                string += String.fromCharCode(c);
                i++;
            } else if((c > 191) && (c < 224)) {
                c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);
                string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63));
                i += 2;
            } else {
                c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);
                c3 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+2);
                string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63));
                i += 3;
            }
        }
        return string;
    }
} 

//    再调用Base64()这个函数即可
    var b = new Base64();   
    var str1 = b.encode("javascript");    
    str2 = b.decode(str1);    
</script>

套用以上代码和方法即可解决低版本（10-）IE的兼容性问题了。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/2984352/blog/828088