首先,使用Java生成二维码和条形码需要ZXing
ZXing是一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的条形码和二维码.
官网:http://code.google.com/p/zxing/
MatrixToImageWriter类辅助生成二维码,该类是由Google提供的,我们可以把它复制到自己的项目中使用:
下面是MatrixToImageWriter类的源代码:
[java] view plain copy
- package learn;
- import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
- import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
- public class WriteBitMatricToFile {
- private static final int BLACK = 0xFF000000;
- private static final int WHITE = 0xFFFFFFFF;
- private static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(BitMatrix bm) {
- int width = bm.getWidth();
- int height = bm.getHeight();
- BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
- BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);
- for (int i = 0; i < width; i++) {
- for (int j = 0; j < height; j++) {
- image.setRGB(i, j, bm.get(i, j) ? BLACK : WHITE);
- }
- }
- return image;
- }
- public static void writeBitMatricToFile(BitMatrix bm, String format,
- File file) {
- BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(bm);
- try {
- if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, file)) {
- throw new RuntimeException("Can not write an image to file" + file);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public static void writeToStream(BitMatrix matrix, String format,
- OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
- BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
- if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, stream)) {
- throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format);
- }
- }
- }
生成二维码和条形码的格式不同,二维码的编码格式是二维码的格式是BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE,条形码的编码格式是条形码的格式是 BarcodeFormat.EAN_13 ,下面是源代码:
[java] view plain copy
- package learn;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
- import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
- import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
- import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
- public class EncodeTest {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- int width = 300;
- int height = 300;
- // int width = 105;
- // int height = 50;
- // 条形码的输入是13位的数字
- // String text = "6923450657713";
- // 二维码的输入是字符串
- String text = "testtesttest生成条形码图片";
- String format = "png";
- HashMap<EncodeHintType, String> hints = new HashMap<>();
- hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8");
- // 条形码的格式是 BarcodeFormat.EAN_13
- // 二维码的格式是BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE
- BitMatrix bm = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(text,
- BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);
- File out = new File("new.png");
- // 生成条形码图片
- // File out = new File("ean3.png");
- WriteBitMatricToFile.writeBitMatricToFile(bm, format, out);
- }
- }
以下是生成的二维码和条形码:
条形码的输入是6923450657713
解码的过程就是二值化使用Binarizer实现,一维码使用getBlackRow方法,二维码的使用getBlackMatrix方法。Binarizer有两个生成类,GlobalHistogramBinarizer和HybridBinarizer;这两个类对getBlackMatrix方法的实现有不同,但使用时都是一样的没什么分别。
如果对解码过程感兴趣的话,可以阅读:http://blog.csdn.net/mihenyinghua/article/details/17224019
解码时需要zxing-j2se.jar,将jar添加到classpath下。
[java] view plain copy
- package learn;
- import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
- import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
- import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
- import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;
- import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
- import com.google.zxing.Result;
- import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
- import com.google.zxing.common.GlobalHistogramBinarizer;
- public class DecodeTest {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- // 这里可以是条形图片码或者二维码图片
- // 这是二维码图片
- BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new FileInputStream(new File("new.png")));
- // 这是条形码图片
- // BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new FileInputStream(new
- // File("ean3.png")));
- if (bi != null) {
- Map<DecodeHintType, String> hints = new HashMap<>();
- hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8");
- LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(bi);
- // 这里还可以是 BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new
- // HybridBinarizer(source));
- BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(
- new GlobalHistogramBinarizer(source));
- Result res = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
- System.out.println(res);
- System.out.println("decode successfully!");
- }
- }
- }
参考资料:http://blog.csdn.net/mihenyinghua/article/details/17224019