Bert模型获得词向量和句子向量表示

text = "After stealing money from the bank vault, the bank robber was seen fishing on the Mississippi river bank."	
marked_text = "[CLS] " + text + " [SEP]"		
tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')	
tokenized_text = tokenizer.tokenize(marked_text)	
indexed_tokens = tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(tokenized_text)	#得到每个词在词表中的索引
segments_ids = [1] * len(tokenized_text)	
tokens_tensor = torch.tensor([indexed_tokens])	.to(DEVICE)
segments_tensors = torch.tensor([segments_ids]).to(DEVICE)	
model = BertModel.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased',
                                  output_hidden_states = True)
model.to(DEVICE) 
model.eval()
with torch.no_grad():
    outputs = model(tokens_tensor, segments_tensors)
    hidden_states = outputs[2]

token_embeddings = torch.stack(hidden_states, dim=0)
token_embeddings.size()
token_embeddings = torch.squeeze(token_embeddings, dim=1)
token_embeddings.size()
token_embeddings = token_embeddings.permute(1,0,2)#调换顺序
token_embeddings.size()

#词向量表示
token_vecs_cat = [torch.cat((layer[-1], layer[-2], layer[-3], layer[-4]), 0) for layer in token_embeddings] #连接最后四层 [number_of_tokens, 3072]	
token_vecs_sum = [torch.sum(layer[-4:], 0) for layer in token_embeddings] #对最后四层求和 [number_of_tokens, 768]

#句子向量表示
token_vecs = hidden_states[-2][0]
sentence_embedding = torch.mean(token_vecs, dim=0)#一个句子就是768维度

改进：处理被切分的token，处理被分割成子单词的单词嵌入，通过平均这些子单词的嵌入向量来为原始单词生成一个近似的向量：

text = "After stealing money from the bank vault the bank robber was seen fishing on the Mississippi river bank"	
#tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')	
tokenized_text = tokenizer.tokenize(text)	
len(tokenized_text)
#把分开的词进行合并
text_words = text.split(' ')#list,放每一个words
len(text_words)
 
##如果是以##开头的就将词进行合并，数一下有多少个词，对应将embedding对应进行求和平均？
#后续再尝试进行处理，就是可以对应获得每个词的向量表示，而不是token，根据
num_emb = []
m = 1
for i in range(len(tokenized_text)):
    if '##' in tokenized_text[i]:#合并前一个词和当前词
        m = m+1
        num_emb.append(m)
    else:
        m = 1
        num_emb.append(m)    #仅需要当前一个emb
#所以再在emb合并，即对由123，12这种的合成相应的embedding，倒序合成？获得emb，倒着排列，是1即取，是3取三个，就可以得到每个词的向量表示
 
 
 
indexed_tokens = tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(tokenized_text)	#得到每个词在词表中的索引
segments_ids = [1] * len(tokenized_text)	
tokens_tensor = torch.tensor([indexed_tokens]).to(DEVICE)
segments_tensors = torch.tensor([segments_ids]).to(DEVICE)	
#model = BertModel.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased',output_hidden_states = True)
#model.to(DEVICE)
#model.eval()
with torch.no_grad():#其实这里可以直接放进去很多句子的
    outputs = model(tokens_tensor, segments_tensors)
    hidden_states = outputs[2]
#    print(hidden_states)#13层的tuple#好像只能获得最后一层？

token_embeddings = torch.stack(hidden_states, dim=0)#将每层获得向量打包
token_embeddings.size()
token_embeddings = torch.squeeze(token_embeddings, dim=1)
token_embeddings.size()
token_embeddings = token_embeddings.permute(1,0,2)#调换顺序
token_embeddings.size()
 
#词向量表示
#token_vecs_cat = [torch.cat((layer[-1], layer[-2], layer[-3], layer[-4]), 0) for layer in token_embeddings] #连接最后四层 [number_of_tokens, 3072]	
token_vecs_sum = [torch.sum(layer[-4:], 0).cpu().detach().numpy() for layer in token_embeddings] #对最后四层求和 [number_of_tokens, 768]
token_vecs_sum = token_vecs_sum[::-1]
num_embr = num_emb[::-1]
text_words = text_words[::-1]
 
token_vecs_sum_words = []
 
m = 0
for i in num_embr:
    if i == 1:
        token_vecs_sum_words.append(token_vecs_sum[m])
        m = m+1
    elif i==0:
        m = m+1
    else:
        #合并i个emb，并相应的删除num_emb中的词
        token_vecs_sum_words.append(np.asarray(token_vecs_sum[m:m+i]).mean(axis=0))#torch.mean(token_vecs_sum[m:m+i], dim=0).cpu().detach().numpy()
        for j in range(i-1):
            num_embr[m+1+j]=0
        m = m+1

#每个词的向量表示
emb_dic = {}
for w,emb in zip(text_words,token_vecs_sum_words):
    emb_dic[w] = emb
 
 
#句子向量表示
token_vecs = hidden_states[-2][0]#直接取倒数第二层的CLS作为句子的向量表示?
sentence_embedding = torch.mean(token_vecs, dim=0)#一个句子就是768维度

 参考：1. BERT Word Embeddings Tutorial · Chris McCormick

            2. 使用pytorch获取bert词向量_海蓝时见鲸-CSDN博客_pytorch获取bert词向量

            3. BERT中的词向量指南，非常的全面，非常的干货_AI公园-CSDN博客