java设计模式-外观模式

外观模式

外观模式是java设计模式中比较简单的一种设计模式，外观模式(Facade) ，也叫“过程模式:外观模式为子系统中的一组接口提供一个 致的界面，此模式定义了一个高层接口，这个接口使得这一子系统更加容易使用。另外，外观模式通过定义一个一致的接口，用以屏蔽内部子系统的细节，使得调用端只需跟这个接口发生调用，而无需关心这个子系统的内部细节。
实例如下：

/**
 * 外观类定义
 */
public class HomeTheaterFacade {
	
	private TheaterLight theaterLight;
	private Popcorn popcorn;
	private Stereo stereo;
	private Projector projector;
	private Screen screen;
	private DVDPlayer dVDPlayer;


	/**
	 * 组合模式
	 */
	public HomeTheaterFacade() {
		this.theaterLight = TheaterLight.getInstance();
		this.popcorn = Popcorn.getInstance();
		this.stereo = Stereo.getInstance();
		this.projector = Projector.getInstance();
		this.screen = Screen.getInstance();
		this.dVDPlayer = DVDPlayer.getInstanc();
	}
	public void ready() {
		popcorn.on();
		popcorn.pop();
		screen.down();
		projector.on();
		stereo.on();
		dVDPlayer.on();
		theaterLight.dim();
	}
	
	public void play() {
		dVDPlayer.play();
	}
	
	public void pause() {
		dVDPlayer.pause();
	}
	
	public void end() {
		popcorn.off();
		theaterLight.bright();
		screen.up();
		projector.off();
		stereo.off();
		dVDPlayer.off();
	}	
}

对象子类

public class Projector {

	private static Projector instance = new Projector();
	
	public static Projector getInstance() {
		return instance;
	}
	
	public void on() {
		System.out.println(" Projector on ");
	}
	
	public void off() {
		System.out.println(" Projector ff ");
	}
	
	public void focus() {
		System.out.println(" Projector is Projector  ");
	}
	
}
public class DVDPlayer {
	

	private static DVDPlayer instance = new DVDPlayer();
	
	public static DVDPlayer getInstanc() {
		return instance;
	}
	
	public void on() {
		System.out.println(" dvd on ");
	}
	public void off() {
		System.out.println(" dvd off ");
	}
	
	public void play() {
		System.out.println(" dvd is playing ");
	}
	
	//....
	public void pause() {
		System.out.println(" dvd pause ..");
	}
}
public class Screen {

	private static Screen instance = new Screen();
	
	public static Screen getInstance() {
		return instance;
	}
	
	
	
	
	public void up() {
		System.out.println(" Screen up ");
	}
	
	public void down() {
		System.out.println(" Screen down ");
	}
	

}

测试类

public class Test{

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//把具体操作再次封装到一个类中，对外暴露一个封装类，进行操作
		HomeTheaterFacade homeTheaterFacade = new HomeTheaterFacade();
		homeTheaterFacade.ready();
		homeTheaterFacade.play();
		
		homeTheaterFacade.end();
	}
}

总结

外观模式的本质解耦操作者与每个单体对象的关系，操作者无需知道每个单体类的具体实现，只需要调用外部的统一接口就行。
外观模式中，外观类来具体操作每一个对象类的操作，在开发过程中，每增加一个单类，只需要修改外观类就可以，易于系统的扩展。适用于单体类的操作比较简单的情况。