Django认证——自定义User模型和在adminsite中创建User

步骤如下：

一：在settings中指定用户模型

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'authentication.CustomUser'

authentication为app的名字，CustomUser为自定义的用户模型

二：定义用户模型和管理器

在authentication/models.py中 ，代码如下

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser
from django.utils import timezone


class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):

    def create_user(self, email, password):
        """Create a user"""
        if not email:
            raise ValueError("邮箱地址不能为空")

        user = self.model(email=self.normalize_email(email),
                          last_login=timezone.now())
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, email, password):
        """Create a superuser"""
        user = self.create_user(email, password)
        user.is_admin = True
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user


class CustomUser(AbstractBaseUser):
    email = models.EmailField(primary_key=True, max_length=255, unique=True)
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    objects = CustomUserManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'

    class Meta:
        pass

    def get_full_name(self):
        pass

    def get_short_name(self):
        pass

    def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
        "Does the user have a specific permission?"
        # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
        return True

    def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
        "Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"
        # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
        return True

    @property
    def is_staff(self):
        "Is the user a member of staff?"
        # Simplest possible answer: All admins are staff
        return self.is_admin

三：迁移数据库

在命令行中输入 python manage.py makemigrations, python manage.py migrate

注意：在定义自定义用户模型之前要保证以前没执行过以上命令

四：创建admin

命令行输入 python manage.py createsuperuser

五：使用adminsite创建User

在authentication/admin.py中，代码如下

from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField

from .models import CustomUser


class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    password1 = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)
    password2 = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)

    class Meta:
        model = CustomUser
        fields = ('email',)

    def clean_password2(self):
        password1 = self.cleaned_data.get('password1')
        password2 = self.cleaned_data.get('password2')
        if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
            raise forms.ValidationError('密码不正确')
        return password2

    def save(self, commit=True):
        user = super(UserCreationForm, self).save(commit=False)
        user.set_password(self.cleaned_data['password1'])
        if commit:
            user.save()
        return user


class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
    password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()

    class Meta:
        model = CustomUser
        fields = ('email', 'password')

    def clean_password(self):
        return self.initial['password']


class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
    form = UserChangeForm
    add_form = UserCreationForm

    list_display = ('email', 'is_admin')
    list_filter = ('is_admin',)
    fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
        ('Personal info', {'fields': ('last_login',)}),
        ('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_admin',)}),
    )
    add_fieldsets = (
        (None, {
            'classes': ('wide',),
            'fields': ('email', 'last_login', 'password1', 'password2')}
         ),
    )
    search_fields = ('email',)
    ordering = ('email',)
    filter_horizontal = ()

# Now register the new UserAdmin
admin.site.register(CustomUser, UserAdmin)
admin.site.unregister(Group)

现在就能使用adminsite创建用户了

引用用户模型

不要直接使用自定义的用户模型，这里就是CustomUser。相反应该使django.contrib.auth.get_user_model() ，该函数会返回当前指定的用户模型。

当在一个模型中定义外键或多对多关系要使用CustomUser模型时，使用settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL

 

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/nohtyp/blog/785966