LINQ To XML- Part I

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Some Common Operations using LINQ To XML - Part I

In this article, we will explore some common ‘How Do I’ kind of examples using LINQ to XML. This article is the Part I of the 3-part LINQ to XML series. I assume you are familiar with LINQ. If not, you can start off with LINQ to XML by checking some tutorials at Getting Ready for .NET 3.5 and LINQ – Exploring C# 3.0 – Part I and over here .

We will be using a sample file called ‘Employees.xml’ for our demonstrations. The mark up will be as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<Street>7A Cox Street</Street>

<City>Acampo</City>

</Address>

</Employee>

<Sex>Female</Sex>

</Address>

</Employee>

<Sex>Female</Sex>

<Street>23 Boxen Street</Street>

<City>Milford</City>

</Address>

</Employee>

<Name>Chris</Name>

<Street>124 Kutbay</Street>

<City>Montara</City>

</Address>

</Employee>

</Employees>

The application is a console application targeting .NET 3.5 framework. I have also used query expressions 'at places' instead of Lambda expression in these samples. It is just a matter of preference and you are free to use any of these. Use the following namespaces while testing the samples: System; System.Collections.Generic; System.Linq; System.Text; System.Xml; System.Xml.Linq;

1. How Do I Read XML using LINQ to XML

There are two ways to do so: Using the XElement class or the XDocument class. Both the classes contain the ‘Load()’ method which accepts a file, a URL or XMLReader and allows XML to be loaded. The primary difference between both the classes is that an XDocument can contain XML declaration, XML Document Type (DTD) and processing instructions. Moreover an XDocument contains one root XElement.

Using XElement

XElement xelement = XElement.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

IEnumerable<XElement> employees = xelement.Elements();

// Read the entire XML

foreach (var employee in employees)

{

Console.WriteLine(employee);

}

Output:

Using XDocument

XDocument xdocument = XDocument.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

IEnumerable<XElement> employees = xdocument.Elements();

foreach (var employee in employees)

{

Console.WriteLine(employee);

}

Output:

Note 1: As you can observe, XDocument contains a single root element (Employees).

Note 2: In order to generate an output similar to the one using XElement, use “xdocument.Root.Elements()” instead of “xdocument.Elements()”

Note 3: VB.NET users can use a new feature called XML Literals which allows you to incorporate XML directly.

2. How Do I Access a Single Element using LINQ to XML

Let us see how to access the name of all the Employees and list them over here

XElement xelement = XElement.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

IEnumerable<XElement> employees = xelement.Elements();

Console.WriteLine("List of all Employee Names :");

foreach (var employee in employees)

{

Console.WriteLine(employee.Element("Name").Value);

}

Output:

3. How Do I Access Multiple Elements using LINQ to XML

Let us see how to access the name of all Employees and also list the ID along with it

XElement xelement = XElement.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

IEnumerable<XElement> employees = xelement.Elements();

Console.WriteLine("List of all Employee Names along with their ID:");

foreach (var employee in employees)

{

Console.WriteLine("{0} has Employee ID {1}",

employee.Element("Name").Value,

employee.Element("EmpId").Value);

}

Output:

4. How Do I Access all Elements having a Specific Attribute using LINQ to XML

Let us see how to access details of all Female Employees

XElement xelement = XElement.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

var name = from nm in xelement.Elements("Employee")

where (string)nm.Element("Sex") == "Female"

select nm;

Console.WriteLine("Details of Female Employees:");

foreach (XElement xEle in name)

Console.WriteLine(xEle);

Output:

5. How Do I Access Specific Element having a Specific Attribute using LINQ to XML

Let us see how to list all the Home Phone Nos.

XElement xelement = XElement.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

var homePhone = from phoneno in xelement.Elements("Employee")

where (string)phoneno.Element("Phone").Attribute("Type") == "Home"

select phoneno;

Console.WriteLine("List HomePhone Nos.");

foreach (XElement xEle in homePhone)

{

Console.WriteLine(xEle.Element("Phone").Value);

}

Output:

6. How Do I Find an Element within another Element using LINQ to XML

Let us see how to find the details of Employees living in 'Alta' City

XElement xelement = XElement.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

var addresses = from address in xelement.Elements("Employee")

where (string)address.Element("Address").Element("City") == "Alta"

select address;

Console.WriteLine("Details of Employees living in Alta City");

foreach (XElement xEle in addresses)

Console.WriteLine(xEle);

Output:

7. How Do I Find Nested Elements (using Descendants Axis) using LINQ to XML

Let us see how to list all the zip codes in the XML file

XElement xelement = XElement.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

Console.WriteLine("List of all Zip Codes");

foreach (XElement xEle in xelement.Descendants("Zip"))

{

Console.WriteLine((string)xEle);

}

Output:

8. How do I apply Sorting on Elements using LINQ to XML

Let us see how to List and Sort all Zip Codes in ascending order

XElement xelement = XElement.Load("..//..//Employees.xml");

IEnumerable<string> codes = from code in xelement.Elements("Employee")

let zip = (string)code.Element("Address").Element("Zip")

orderby zip

select zip;

Console.WriteLine("List and Sort all Zip Codes");

foreach (string zp in codes)

Console.WriteLine(zp);

Output:

Well those were some commonly used operations while using LINQ to XML. In the Part 2 of this series, we will see some more operations and also explore how to create XML content and also save them. I hope you liked the article and I thank you for viewing it.

Orignal Location http://www.dotnetcurry.com/ShowArticle.aspx?ID=224