笔记-Qt多线程

笔记-Qt多线程

QThread-线程

• 实现方式1, 不推荐
  继承QThread对象, 然后重新实现虚函数QThread::run

  class WorkerThread : public QThread
  {
      Q_OBJECT
      void run() override {
          QString result;
          /* ... here is the expensive or blocking operation ... */
          emit resultReady(result);
      }
  signals:
      void resultReady(const QString &s);
  };
  
  void MyObject::startWorkInAThread()
  {
      WorkerThread *workerThread = new WorkerThread(this);
      connect(workerThread, &WorkerThread::resultReady, this, &MyObject::handleResults);
      connect(workerThread, &WorkerThread::finished, workerThread, &QObject::deleteLater);
      workerThread->start();
  }
  

• 实现方式2, 推荐
  对于继承Object的对象, 通过QObject::moveToThread(QThread *targetThread)改变对象和它的子对象的线程关联性, 再利用信号槽机制, 将定义在对象中成员函数放在targetThread中运行;
  需要注意, 如果对象有父对象, 着无法移动成功.

  class Worker : public QObject
  {
      Q_OBJECT
  
  public slots:
      void doWork(const QString &parameter) {
          QString result;
          /* ... here is the expensive or blocking operation ... */
          emit resultReady(result);
      }
  
  signals:
      void resultReady(const QString &result);
  };
  
  class Controller : public QObject
  {
      Q_OBJECT
      QThread workerThread;
  public:
      Controller() {
          Worker *worker = new Worker;
          worker->moveToThread(&workerThread);
          connect(&workerThread, &QThread::finished, worker, &QObject::deleteLater);
          connect(this, &Controller::operate, worker, &Worker::doWork);
          connect(worker, &Worker::resultReady, this, &Controller::handleResults);
          workerThread.start();
      }
      ~Controller() {
          workerThread.quit();
          workerThread.wait();
      }
  public slots:
      void handleResults(const QString &);
  signals:
      void operate(const QString &);
  };
  

QThreadPool-线程池

qt中线程池需要注意添加到线程池的对象必须继承至QRunnable对象, 在实现QRunnable::run, 线程池会分配线程去执行QRunnable::run函数, 对于QRunnable对象的生命周期问题, 可以通过void QRunnable::setAutoDelete(bool autoDelete)设置autoDelete=true来规避;

class HelloWorldTask : public QRunnable
{
    void run()
    {
        qDebug() << "Hello world from thread" << QThread::currentThread();
    }
}

HelloWorldTask *hello = new HelloWorldTask();
// QThreadPool takes ownership and deletes 'hello' automatically
QThreadPool::globalInstance()->start(hello);

QtConcurrent-并发任务

QtConcurrent其实就是将函数添加到QThreadPool::globalInstance()中, 可以当作是QThreadPool+QRunable的简化操作吧

QFuture<T> QtConcurrent::run(Function function, ...)
相当于: QtConcurrent::run(QThreadPool::globalInstance(), function, ...);
QFuture<T> QtConcurrent::run(QThreadPool *pool, Function function, ...)

QtConcurrent::run([]() {
    qDebug() << "current thread id=" << QThread::currentThreadId() << " time=" 
                << QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("HH:mm:ss:zzz");
    QThread::sleep(1);
});