spring为ApplicationContext提供的3种实现分别为:ClassPathXmlApplicationContext,FileSystemXmlApplicationContext和XmlWebApplicationContext,其中XmlWebApplicationContext是专为Web。xml。使用举例如下:
1. FileSystemXmlApplicationContext
eg1. ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); //加载单个配置文件
eg2. String[] locations = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(locations ); //加载单个配置文件
eg3. ApplicationContext ctx =new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:/project/bean.xml");
//根据具体路径加载文件
2. ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
eg1. ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
eg2. String[] locations = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplication(locations); 注:其中FileSystemXmlApplicationContext和ClassPathXmlApplicationContext与BeanFactory的xml文件定位方式一样是基于路径的。
3. XmlWebApplicationContext
eg1. ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();
ApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
<listener>
<listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class>
</listener> 或:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>context</servlet-name>
<servlet-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet </servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet>
通过以上配置,Web容器会自动加载/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml初始化 ApplicationContext实例,如果需要指定配置文件位置,可通过context-param加以指定:
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/myApplicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>
配置完成之后,即可通过
WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext方法在Web应用中获取ApplicationContext引用。
如:ApplicationContext ctx=WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext); LoginAction action=(LoginAction)ctx.getBean("action");