log4j配置文件基本含义说明
log4j.properties配置文件讲解如下:
#log4j中有五级logger
#FATAL 0
#ERROR 3
#WARN 4
#INFO 6
#DEBUG 7
配置根Logger,其语法为:
log4j.rootLogger = [ level ] , appenderName, appenderName, ...
level 是日志记录的优先级
appenderName就是指定日志信息输出到哪个地方,可以同时指定多个输出目的地。
配置日志信息输出目的地Appender,其语法为:
log4j.appender.appenderName = fully.qualified.name.of.appender.class
log4j.appender.appenderName.option1 = value1
...
log4j.appender.appenderName.option = valueN
Log4j提供的appender有以下几种:
org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender(控制台),
org.apache.log4j.FileAppender(文件),
org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender(每天产生一个日志文件),
org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender(文件大小到达指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件),
org.apache.log4j.WriterAppender(将日志信息以流格式发送到任意指定的地方)
配置日志信息的格式(布局),其语法为:
log4j.appender.appenderName.layout = fully.qualified.name.of.layout.class
log4j.appender.appenderName.layout.option1 = value1
....
log4j.appender.appenderName.layout.option = valueN
Log4j提供的layout有以下几种:
org.apache.log4j.HTMLLayout(以HTML表格形式布局),
org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout(可以灵活地指定布局模式),
org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout(包含日志信息的级别和信息字符串),
org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout(包含日志产生的时间、线程、类别等等信息)
例子1:
#log4j.rootLogger = [ level ] , appenderName, appenderName, …
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, A1 ,R
#这一句设置以为着所有的log都输出
#如果为log4j.rootLogger=WARN, 则意味着只有WARN,ERROR,FATAL被输出,DEBUG,INFO将被屏蔽掉.
# A1 is set to be a ConsoleAppender.
#log4j中Appender有几层如控制台、文件、GUI组件、甚至是套接口服务器、NT的事件记录器、UNIX Syslog守护进程等
#ConsoleAppender输出到控制台
log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
# A1 使用的输出布局
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#灵活定义输出格式 具体查看log4j javadoc org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#d 时间 ....
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%c]-[%p] %m%n
#R 输出到文件 RollingFileAppender的扩展,可以提供一种日志的备份功能。
log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
#日志文件的名称
log4j.appender.R.File=log4j.log
#日志文件的大小
log4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=100KB
# 保存一个备份文件
log4j.appender.R.MaxBackupIndex=1
log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout
log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%c]-[%p] %m%n
例子2 :
# log4j.properties
# Set root category priority to DEBUG and its only appender to A1.
# 设置com.ccit域对应的级别DEBUG和输出地A1,A2
log4j.category.com.ccit=DEBUG,A1,A2
log4j.appender.A2=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A2.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A2.Encoding=ISO-8859-1
log4j.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] (%F:%L) - %m%n
log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.A1.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.A1.Encoding=ISO-8859-1
log4j.appender.A1.File=log/server.log
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %5p [%t] (%F:%L) - %m%n
java文件中初始化log4j配置:
String dir = System.getProperty("user.dir"); // 获得当前程序所在路径
System.out.println("log4j = " + dir + "/conf/log4j.properties");
// 初始化log4j org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator
PropertyConfigurator.configure("./conf/log4j.properties");
读取配置文件的三种方法:
//自动快速地使用缺省Log4j环境。
BasicConfigurator.configure ();
//读取使用Java的特性文件编写的配置文件
PropertyConfigurator.configure ( String configFilename);
//读取XML形式的配置文件
DOMConfigurator.configure ( String filename );
日志级别分离
一、 Tomcat日志分离
修改war包中的log4j.properties文件
增加红色字体的配置信息(两处修改):
# Set root category priority to DEBUG and its only appender to A1.
#log4j.rootCategory=DEBUG, A1
#add a root category named "f2"
log4j.rootCategory=INFO, stdout,f1,f2
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd} %5p [%t] (%F:%L) - %m%n
# Pattern to output the caller's file name and line number.
log4j.appender.f1=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.f1.File=../logs/raweb.log
log4j.appender.f1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.f1.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %5p (%F:%L) - %m%n
#set information level to "ERROR"
log4j.appender.f2=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.f2.Threshold=ERROR
log4j.appender.f2.File=../logs/raweb_error.log
log4j.appender.f2.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.f2.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %5p (%F:%L) - %m%n
二、 Jboss日志分离
修改jboss-4.2.3.GA\server\default\conf jboss-log4j.xml文件
增加红色字体的配置信息(两处修改):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
<!-- ===================================================================== -->
<!-- -->
<!-- Log4j Configuration -->
<!-- -->
<!-- ===================================================================== -->
<!-- $Id: jboss-log4j.xml 75507 2008-07-08 20:15:07Z stan.silvert@jboss.com $ -->
<!--
| For more configuration infromation and examples see the Jakarta Log4j
| owebsite: http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j
-->
<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/" debug="false">
<!-- ================================= -->
<!-- Preserve messages in a local file -->
<!-- ================================= -->
<!-- A time/date based rolling appender -->
<appender name="FILE" class="org.jboss.logging.appender.DailyRollingFileAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="File" value="${jboss.server.log.dir}/server.log"/>
<param name="Append" value="false"/>
<!-- Rollover at midnight each day -->
<param name="DatePattern" value="'.'yyyy-MM-dd"/>
<!-- Rollover at the top of each hour
<param name="DatePattern" value="'.'yyyy-MM-dd-HH"/>
-->
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<!-- The default pattern: Date Priority [Category] Message\n -->
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5p [%c] %m%n"/>
<!-- The full pattern: Date MS Priority [Category] (Thread:NDC) Message\n
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5r %-5p [%c] (%t:%x) %m%n"/>
-->
</layout>
</appender>
<appender name="ERRORFILE" class="org.jboss.logging.appender.DailyRollingFileAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="File" value="${jboss.server.log.dir}/server_error.log"/>
<param name="Append" value="false"/>
<param name="Threshold" value="ERROR"/>
<!-- Rollover at midnight each day -->
<param name="DatePattern" value="'.'yyyy-MM-dd"/>
<!-- Rollover at the top of each hour
<param name="DatePattern" value="'.'yyyy-MM-dd-HH"/>
-->
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<!-- The default pattern: Date Priority [Category] Message\n -->
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5p [%c] %m%n"/>
<!-- The full pattern: Date MS Priority [Category] (Thread:NDC) Message\n
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5r %-5p [%c] (%t:%x) %m%n"/>
-->
</layout>
</appender>
<!-- A size based file rolling appender
<appender name="FILE" class="org.jboss.logging.appender.RollingFileAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="File" value="${jboss.server.log.dir}/server.log"/>
<param name="Append" value="false"/>
<param name="MaxFileSize" value="500KB"/>
<param name="MaxBackupIndex" value="1"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5p [%c] %m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
-->
<!-- ============================== -->
<!-- Append messages to the console -->
<!-- ============================== -->
<appender name="CONSOLE" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="Target" value="System.out"/>
<param name="Threshold" value="INFO"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<!-- The default pattern: Date Priority [Category] Message\n -->
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d{ABSOLUTE} %-5p [%c{1}] %m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
<!-- ====================== -->
<!-- More Appender examples -->
<!-- ====================== -->
<!-- Buffer events and log them asynchronously
<appender name="ASYNC" class="org.apache.log4j.AsyncAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<appender-ref ref="FILE"/>
<appender-ref ref="CONSOLE"/>
<appender-ref ref="SMTP"/>
</appender>
-->
<!-- EMail events to an administrator
<appender name="SMTP" class="org.apache.log4j.net.SMTPAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="Threshold" value="ERROR"/>
<param name="To" value="admin@myhost.domain.com"/>
<param name="From" value="nobody@myhost.domain.com"/>
<param name="Subject" value="JBoss Sever Errors"/>
<param name="SMTPHost" value="localhost"/>
<param name="BufferSize" value="10"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="[%d{ABSOLUTE},%c{1}] %m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
-->
<!-- Syslog events
<appender name="SYSLOG" class="org.apache.log4j.net.SyslogAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="Facility" value="LOCAL7"/>
<param name="FacilityPrinting" value="true"/>
<param name="SyslogHost" value="localhost"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="[%d{ABSOLUTE},%c{1}] %m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
-->
<!-- Log events to JMS (requires a topic to be created)
<appender name="JMS" class="org.apache.log4j.net.JMSAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="Threshold" value="ERROR"/>
<param name="TopicConnectionFactoryBindingName" value="java:/ConnectionFactory"/>
<param name="TopicBindingName" value="topic/MyErrorsTopic"/>
</appender>
-->
<!-- Log events through SNMP
<appender name="TRAP_LOG" class="org.apache.log4j.ext.SNMPTrapAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="ImplementationClassName" value="org.apache.log4j.ext.JoeSNMPTrapSender"/>
<param name="ManagementHost" value="127.0.0.1"/>
<param name="ManagementHostTrapListenPort" value="162"/>
<param name="EnterpriseOID" value="1.3.6.1.4.1.24.0"/>
<param name="LocalIPAddress" value="127.0.0.1"/>
<param name="LocalTrapSendPort" value="161"/>
<param name="GenericTrapType" value="6"/>
<param name="SpecificTrapType" value="12345678"/>
<param name="CommunityString" value="public"/>
<param name="ForwardStackTraceWithTrap" value="true"/>
<param name="Threshold" value="DEBUG"/>
<param name="ApplicationTrapOID" value="1.3.6.1.4.1.24.12.10.22.64"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d,%p,[%t],[%c],%m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
-->
<!-- Emit events as JMX notifications
<appender name="JMX" class="org.jboss.monitor.services.JMXNotificationAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="Threshold" value="WARN"/>
<param name="ObjectName" value="jboss.system:service=Logging,type=JMXNotificationAppender"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5p [%c] %m"/>
</layout>
</appender>
-->
<!-- ================ -->
<!-- Limit categories -->
<!-- ================ -->
<!-- Limit the org.apache category to INFO as its DEBUG is verbose -->
<category name="org.apache">
<priority value="INFO"/>
</category>
<!-- Limit the jacorb category to WARN as its INFO is verbose -->
<category name="jacorb">
<priority value="WARN"/>
</category>
<!-- Limit the org.jgroups category to WARN as its INFO is verbose -->
<category name="org.jgroups">
<priority value="WARN"/>
</category>
<!-- Limit the org.quartz category to INFO as its DEBUG is verbose -->
<category name="org.quartz">
<priority value="INFO"/>
</category>
<!-- Limit JSF logging to DEBUG. FINER and FINEST will not be logged -->
<category name="javax.enterprise.resource.webcontainer.jsf">
<priority value="DEBUG" />
</category>
<!-- Limit JBoss categories
<category name="org.jboss">
<priority value="INFO"/>
</category>
-->
<!-- Limit the JSR77 categories -->
<category name="org.jboss.management">
<priority value="INFO"/>
</category>
<!-- Show the evolution of the DataSource pool in the logs [inUse/Available/Max]
<category name="org.jboss.resource.connectionmanager.JBossManagedConnectionPool">
<priority value="TRACE"/>
</category>
-->
<!-- Limit the org.jboss.serial (jboss-serialization) to INFO as its DEBUG is verbose -->
<category name="org.jboss.serial">
<priority value="INFO"/>
</category>
<!-- Decrease the priority threshold for the org.jboss.varia category
<category name="org.jboss.varia">
<priority value="DEBUG"/>
</category>
-->
<!-- Enable JBossWS message tracing
<category name="org.jboss.ws.core.MessageTrace">
<priority value="TRACE"/>
</category>
-->
<!--
| An example of enabling the custom TRACE level priority that is used
| by the JBoss internals to diagnose low level details. This example
| turns on TRACE level msgs for the org.jboss.ejb.plugins package and its
| subpackages. This will produce A LOT of logging output.
|
| Note: since jboss AS 4.2.x, the trace level is supported natively by
| log4j, so although the custom org.jboss.logging.XLevel priority will
| still work, there is no need to use it. The two examples that follow
| will both enable trace logging.
<category name="org.jboss.system">
<priority value="TRACE" class="org.jboss.logging.XLevel"/>
</category>
<category name="org.jboss.ejb.plugins">
<priority value="TRACE"/>
</category>
-->
<!--
| Logs these events to SNMP:
- server starts/stops
- cluster evolution (node death/startup)
- When an EJB archive is deployed (and associated verified messages)
- When an EAR archive is deployed
<category name="org.jboss.system.server.Server">
<priority value="INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="TRAP_LOG"/>
</category>
<category name="org.jboss.ha.framework.interfaces.HAPartition.lifecycle">
<priority value="INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="TRAP_LOG"/>
</category>
<category name="org.jboss.deployment.MainDeployer">
<priority value="ERROR" />
<appender-ref ref="TRAP_LOG"/>
</category>
<category name="org.jboss.ejb.EJBDeployer">
<priority value="INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="TRAP_LOG"/>
</category>
<category name="org.jboss.deployment.EARDeployer">
<priority value="INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="TRAP_LOG"/>
</category>
-->
<!-- Clustering logging -->
<!-- Uncomment the following to redirect the org.jgroups and
org.jboss.ha categories to a cluster.log file.
<appender name="CLUSTER" class="org.jboss.logging.appender.RollingFileAppender">
<errorHandler class="org.jboss.logging.util.OnlyOnceErrorHandler"/>
<param name="File" value="${jboss.server.log.dir}/cluster.log"/>
<param name="Append" value="false"/>
<param name="MaxFileSize" value="500KB"/>
<param name="MaxBackupIndex" value="1"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5p [%c] %m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
<category name="org.jgroups">
<priority value="DEBUG" />
<appender-ref ref="CLUSTER"/>
</category>
<category name="org.jboss.ha">
<priority value="DEBUG" />
<appender-ref ref="CLUSTER"/>
</category>
-->
<!-- ======================= -->
<!-- Setup the Root category -->
<!-- ======================= -->
<root>
<appender-ref ref="CONSOLE"/>
<appender-ref ref="FILE"/>
<appender-ref ref="ERRORFILE"/>
</root>
</log4j:configuration>