CentOS7 安装配置 MySQL5.7.18

CentOS7 安装配置 MySQL5.7.18
参考说明：http://www.centoscn.com/mysql/2017/0424/8736.html
安装版本：
Linux版本：CentOS 7
MySQL版本：mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
软件下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

安装MySQL前最好把系统带的一系统文件夹、文件删除。有时不删除会报错。
MySQL完全删除，请查看MySQL完全删除。

配置步骤：

1. 创建用户和用户组

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

1. 解压到指定目录

    tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
        cd /usr/local/
        mv  mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

1. 配置PATH

    echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
        source /etc/profile

1. 数据库目录规划

        mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/{log,etc,run}
        mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,binlogs}
        ln -s /data/mysql/data  /usr/local/mysql/data
        ln -s /data/mysql/binlogs   /usr/local/mysql/binlogs
        chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/{data,binlogs,log,etc,run}
        chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

1. 配置my.cnf参数文件
   删除系统自带my.cnf

rm -f /etc/my.cnf

在/usr/local/MySQL/etc/下创建my.cnf文件，加入如下参数，其他参数根据需要配置
添加以下配置：

            [client]
            port = 3306
            socket = /usr/local/mysql/run/mysql.sock

            [mysqld]
            port = 3306
            socket = /usr/local/mysql/run/mysql.sock
            pid_file = /usr/local/mysql/run/mysql.pid
            datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
            default_storage_engine = InnoDB
            max_allowed_packet = 512M
            max_connections = 2048
            open_files_limit = 65535

            skip-name-resolve
            lower_case_table_names=1

            character-set-server = utf8mb4
            collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
            init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'


            innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
            innodb_log_file_size = 2048M
            innodb_file_per_table = 1
            innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0


            key_buffer_size = 64M

            log-error = /usr/local/mysql/log/mysql_error.log
            log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/binlogs/mysql-bin
            slow_query_log = 1
            slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/log/mysql_slow_query.log
            long_query_time = 5


            tmp_table_size = 32M
            max_heap_table_size = 32M
            query_cache_type = 0
            query_cache_size = 0

            server-id=1

1. 初始化数据库

   执行下面这条语句，进行数据库初始化。会生成一个随机密码，在日志文件里查看这个密码，并记录下来，第一次登录时使用。
   

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

    在日志文件里会提示一个临时密码，记录这个密码

grep 'temporary password' /usr/local/mysql/log/mysql_error.log 

1. 到这一步已经完成了MySQL的安装配置，可以启动了。

   打开目录

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/

启动MySql

./mysqld.service start

1. 此刻就可以正常的登录mysql了，但是一般情况下，会做一些系统的配置。比如：开机启动等

2. 设置启动项
   不同版本的Linux,进行配置的方式不完全一样
   CentOS 7

cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
touch mysqld.service 

    打开新建的mysqld.service进行编辑，配置下面信息

# Copyright (c) 2015, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
            #
            # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
            # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
            # the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
            #
            # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
            # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
            # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
            # GNU General Public License for more details.
            #
            # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
            # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
            # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
            #
            # systemd service file for MySQL forking server
            #

            [Unit]
            Description=MySQL Server
            Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
            Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
            After=network.target
            After=syslog.target

            [Install]
            WantedBy=multi-user.target

            [Service]
            User=mysql
            Group=mysql

            Type=forking

            PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/run/mysqld.pid

            # Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
            TimeoutSec=0

            # Execute pre and post scripts as root
            PermissionsStartOnly=true

            # Needed to create system tables
            #ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd

            # Start main service
            ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/run/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS

            # Use this to switch malloc implementation
            EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql

            # Sets open_files_limit
            LimitNOFILE = 65535

            Restart=on-failure

            RestartPreventExitStatus=1

            PrivateTmp=false

    执行下面的命令

            systemctl daemon-reload
            systemctl enable mysqld.service
            systemctl is-enabled mysqld     

1. 此时已经可以完成了开机启动的设置，在以后要重启MySQL服务时，执行service mysqld.service start/stop 即可。

2. 登录MySQL

mysql -uroot -p

    系统会提示输入密码。此密码为初始化数据库时生成的随机密码。

1. 成功登录mysql后，进行密码修改。

    set password = password('root'); //root 为设置的新密码

1. 开放3306端口号

   添加新端口号

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp

重新加载

firewall-cmd --reload

检查是否生效

firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=3306/tcp

列出所有的开放端口

firewall-cmd --list-all

1. mysql 开放登录权限

   进行授权操作：
   #root是设置的密码

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;

        也可以用下面的命令进行配置

    SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('MyNewPassword');

    重载授权表：

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;